Jewish women and political parties

\ Fourth part of " The puppet promise of Promised Land "

Despite frequent conflicts over issues such as these, women reached their goal with the help of left-wing students and in March 1972 the first DAY CARE center of children was created within the university.
13. Jewish women were surprised of the hatred, malice and enmity of Zionists. These hatreds increase the prejudice of women. No one listened to them, and perhaps openly and secretly ridiculed them. But little by little in Haifa with 180,000 population, followers were founded for women's liberation. However, women were fearful of falling and failure. On one hand Zionism considered himself progressive and know Jewish men and women the same based on mythology and on the other hand some paradox behaviors were emerged. Women, who were fed up from gender inequality in America and Britain, had fled to the Promised Land and now found themselves alone more than ever in the mystery of malice men. As far as some women whose movement were considered conservative in the world view, were addressed infidel and heretic in the occupied territory. Labor became harder for women and baseless accusations were shut to women by Jewish men. The one-dimension of Jewish women’s life and their feeling were ignored and except in the kitchen and bed, woman were not accepted. Women were more and more frightened, especially fear of greedy women who followed this movement because it was thought that due to the incorrect understanding of the women from movement, the fire of hatred will increase in men.
Jewish women were not participating in political party of men since they thought that it threatens their movement.
Because the goals of these two sexes were always opposed, for instance, the cause of death and being killed for the goals of Zionist was romantic for men, but women's perspective was nothing but pain and suffering.
14. Despite numerous problems and obstructions of Jewish men, in 1972 and 1973 the women's movement was pulled to Tel Aviv and Jerusalem.
However, in 1973 the situation of Jewish woman in the occupied territory was like this:
1. Female workers who worked in factories such as textile, Gray and cooking received a salary that was 30% less than male workers̓ salary. This decrease and increase of the salary was considered as the hardness of work.
2. 50% of eligible women worked outside the home in Germany and the United States. In occupied territory, this number was 2/30% and it was only 3% more than the figures of Egypt.
3. Despite the adoption of the law equality between men and women in 1964, the average salary of Israeli Jewish men was 750 pounds and it was 500 pounds for women. (Statistics of 1972)
4. Women’s redemption demand was 10 percent less than men. Only 50/5 of union members of Labor Party were women including: 3 members of the 40-members of Central Committee, 47 percent of the women workers and two women as the representatives of the Labor Party in Parliament, and only 8% of parliament members were female. Increasing the active propagators of Women's Freedom in the summer of 1973 caused some concern in the conservative society KD. The army was still confident and proud of the heroism of the past wars and thus the access of women to domination became more difficult. The women's movement caused a change only in women, otherwise there was no change in Jewish men and their attitude. On the other hand, a struggle between Marcia Friedman as a symbol of movement and the civil rights movement was increased. The space turned misty and it made a path for future problems and obstacles of women's movement and their solidarity was delayed.
15. October 1973 war had an adverse effect on the movement of Jewish women. Women believed the Jewish community ignore and their being nonsense for the government. When Marcia Friedman was elected as the member of the Kynst, some changes were attained. His lack of familiarity with the Parliament's program, lack of ability to talk in Hebrew, lack of full awareness of political life and repeated shrinking of her confidence made her to resign from the head of the women's movement of Hyfa.
In 1974, women benefited from the effect of the theater and newspapers to express their own inferiority. In 1954 they criticized the laws that had depicted them as being weak and in need of assistance of men.
16. Since the pregnancy rate was abundant both legal and illegal in Israel, women tried to find a solution on the issue of women's pregnancy and miscarriage. One of the women's committees of Parliament tried in this way for 2 years to persuade Jews to accept and legalize abortion. In this way women did not spare from any course of action. They stood on the crossroads of tradeoffs to collect signatures. 3000 signatures were collected on the petition. TV and newspaper covered the news of protests. Women cried (my body is mine). Marcia Freedman, submitted a bill to the Knesset. According to this Act, abortion is legal if these three conditions exist:
1. If there is a fear that the life of pregnant women is in danger.
2. The possibility of physical impairment and mental retardation of the fetus.
3. Pregnancy through rape or incest.
In the second Act, these conditions were increased and changed:
1. Pregnancy of unmarried girls under 17 or women over 45 years.
2. The issue of life and death of mother.
3. Difficult financial situation and livelihood of mother.
4. Mental or physical disorders of fetus.
5. The psychological problems of pregnant women.
6. Pregnancies by illegal and anti-marital frame (this clause was a pretext for married women because each of these women could find a pregnant excuse by anyone other than her husband's to abort the fetus).
In the beginning, these Acts were called disgrace by the Parliament but with the insistence of women and much efforts, the way was paved.
17. The abortion movement lasted 4 months. After this, Marsha freedman presented the anti-prostitution Act to the Parliament. Based on this proposal, If a woman with the intention of prostitution harasses the people shall be prisoned for one year. The purpose of Friedman and his colleagues by this proposal was to avoid using the women as a tool for men. Most of the young girls were prostitutes. 25 percent of 14 to 18 years, and 87 percent of these women and girls were from 18 to 25 years. Most of these women were from Asian and African societies! This group had escaped from their houses or had been driven from schools and they sold themselves only to survive. Women who had been led to this way had frightened the police and even customers. Marcia Friedman discussed with the victims. After a while, he, unlike his first views, legalized the prostitution. Other women were angry and asked abolishing the prostitution.
18. Ephraim Katzyr, Israeli president, called the year 1975 as the year of woman. He, along with Yitzhak Rabin, the Israeli Prime Minister signed the statement. However, calling that year as the year of women had no effect on the women's movement. In the occupied territories and in this year, women protested for this slogan was only a slogan of equality.
Women in the same year found that the main reason for the lack of progress of this movement is the religion, religious teachings and views and practices of Jewish rabbis. Israel’s religion and Jewish men were in the way of progress. Also, it became apparent that Kynst popular party, namely the Labor Party always tries to satisfy the demands of a minority parliament, which is the religious party.
Laws of Halacha are the worst rules that forced women to obey men. According to the Jewish observances if a woman lose her husband, she shall marry her husband's brother or she should take his permission to marry. And if the deceased had no son, the woman will be the property of her husband's brother. Brother in law could oppose her remarriage to achieve the great wealth that he wishes. Perhaps this demand is all her assets (personal heir to pensions). And if her brother in law has not reached the age of puberty and she have to await the arrival of his age.
If she lives in a city that her brother in law is not legally allowed to enter, this woman was not allowed to remarry until the end of her life.
In the courts of the Jews, testifying is only the right of men. Every woman who disobey the command of her husband, was found guilty and no right was granted to her. But men of this land did whatever they wanted and the prosecutor’s judgment was always beneficial for husband. Beating the women is not a good reason for divorce. Blacklist was in the hands of men and if the girl's name was written on the list, these men prevented her from marrying. This accumulation of disasters on women, provoked them to reactions. Women's March was begun and newspapers covered all these news.
Women, for their movement, sought the approval of other cultures. A book was written that include the name and works of American and British women. A book called (woman, women and womanhood). Data Shylyf, Sarah Sylks, Sulamyt Kaufman, Hani Mayyrlvy and Margaret and Inberger cooperated to collect and translate this book. In this book, the works of some Jewish women had been mentioned. The women's movement collapsed the rotten Jewish framework and changed their views. The Jewish divided people just into two groups: strong and weak, rich and poor. And they always hid some issues such as sodomy, unlawful sexual intercourse, sexual relations before marriage problems and outcomes of divorce, adultery, drinking alcohol, prostitution and the disintegration of the family.
19. In the 1975, Sholamit Alooni submitted the civil rights Act that had been carried out on the basis of the Charter of the United States. In this Charter, he asked the equality of rights between men and women. Although the parliament accepted this charter, but the religion of Jewish men was an obstacle. Women became angry and determined to pay no coordination with police in protests. But police understood and women were scattered and prevented from marching and chanting. Women clashed with the police. Several women were injured and four women were arrested and imprisoned. News channels of radio and television prevented showing the news. But newspapers discussed with the participants and approved the movement of women.
In 1976 Yitzhak Rabin was forced to accept some of the demands of the female sex. Despite the many obstructions of Parliament, Abortion law was appointed with a few adjustments. Women slept calmly that night. But only after a few days of relaxation they suffered from anxiety. 5 prominent specialists in an open letter to all the newspapers declared their opposition to the law. The five prominent members were of the Medical Association of Women, which forms part of the General Workers' Union. This group mentioned their opposition to the law on freedom because of the boundless abuse and promiscuity of women.
80,000 illegal abortions are performed annually in the occupied territory. While the conservative statistics of government says there is only 45,000 abortion and the expenditure of each abortion is from 1500 to 3500 Israel pounds. After a while Marcia Friedman raised the issue of beating the women by their husbands in Parliament that was severely protested. But these two stages brought the integration of Jewish women.
20. 5 years after the Jewish women's movement and due to their much efforts, the common values and standards of the Zionist regime were change. Issues such as sodomy, sexual immorality, depression, fear, suffering and even self-mutilation became the important issues but the fundamental problems of society remained unsolved.
Women in 1976 and 1977 continued their activities. In the eve of 1977, 1000 women were seen in the women's movement. In 1977, Marcia Friedman withdrew from the parliamentary elections, women did not benefit at all because only 6,000 votes chose the candidacy of new and unfamiliar women that was not enough to fill the posts established a center for women. The first woman wearing deep injuries on her face was refuge in this center with her little child. Nowadays, however, now women are surprised that can be rid of the yoke of Jewish men).