Lac weaving, a manifestation of tribal art

It is a beautiful hand-woven, made of wool or silk. And is used as a mat and in some part our country as a coverlet or decorating the alcove. Varnish is famous as carpet-like rug or nomadic rug.
Quality of lac, sometimes is the combination of silk or wool. And is woven on a scaffold, vertically without and map and just mentally by girls and women of tribes and rural areas. Lac production is done mostly at the time of winter, when the tribe has sufficient time for rest and stay in one location.
In the past, tribes of DASHTE MOGHAN, GARMADUZ and ARASBARAN, were spinning their wools which came out from their cattle with ordinary spindles and were coloring them by primary methods and were making them ready for varnish making.
FERESHTE SAFARI, a master of lac waving in west AZERBAEEJAN (north of Iran), regarding this art says: the raw materials for preparation is wool, cotton, hemp and animal hair. Lac is sometimes is in the form of wishbone and geometric designs are used.
Type and figure of varnish may differ in different states and tribes. Because this industry art was established, firstly by Iranian tribes. At present the tribes of BAKHTIYARI, BALUCH and GHASHGHAEE are using the lac.
The texture coating method is called as POUDCHINI, which is woven on the basis of specific twisting of yarn (called as KHAMEH or cream) around the strings (of chord or TAR). This coating is called as SHIRIKIPICH and in north-west of Iranian states is named as VARNI.
SAFARI about problems of lac weaving says: it is a hard coating texture and considered to be an obsolete field. The most important problem in this art is retractable of its sides (headband). Coating of this part is the most difficult portion and to do it, the waver should be very careful. This art has no map, and because the wavers are not using the map, so it is considered to be a rug. And morphologically it is similar to carpet.
SAFARI continuous: to fix this problem, the artist should use the loan tie or loan chord. This art along with rug making i9s going to be revived.
The antiquity of this art is not known, but experts are estimating, it dates back to several hundred years ago.
Lac coating is supplied and produced according to the need of the market. Until recent decade, nomads of MOGHAN province, were using this type of coating as mat or coverlet or decorating the alcove. Elegance and delicacy of design coating and various designs and its beauty, fascinates art lovers. The type of varnish texture with silk, possess particular elegance and is lighter in weight, compare to wool coating and has attracted the attention of domestic and foreign tourists. in case of export, varnish is the first of ARDABIL`s hand- made export products to Persian gulf countries, also European and Asian countries.
Silk and wool varnishes, which have been made in ARDABIL state of Iran, in addition to domestic market, is exported to Italy, France and Germany. Primarily, varnishes are in lacquer, navy blue, onion white and light blue colors. They are manufactured in all sizes for backrest, mat, rug, fringe and carpet.
The Azerbaijan tribes are using it to sewing saddle bag, sack and horse blanket.
Its production is in the house, or in nomadic tents and its tool is scaffold and Porte dauphine (special shoulder to weave carpet).
In Azerbaijan, varnish has various types, such as carpet varnish, linseed side, fringe, half rug and back rest.