The word ''breath'' in Quran

The uses of the word ''breath'' in Quran
Quran states about retribution
وَكَتَبْنَا عَلَیْهِمْ فِیهَا أَنَّ النَّفْسَ بِالنَّفْسِ وَالْعَیْنَ بِالْعَیْنِ وَالْأَنفَ بِالْأَنفِ وَالْأُذُنَ بِالْأُذُنِ وَالسِّنَّ بِالسِّنِّ وَالْجُرُوحَ قِصَاصٌ ۚ فَمَن تَصَدَّقَ بِهِ فَهُوَ كَفَّارَةٌ لَّهُ ۚ وَمَن لَّمْ یَحْكُم بِمَا أَنزَلَ اللَّهُ فَأُولَٰئِكَ هُمُ الظَّالِمُونَ
We ordained therein for them: "Life for life, eye for eye, nose or nose, ear for ear, tooth for tooth, and wounds equal for equal." But if any one remits the retaliation by way of charity, it is an act of atonement for himself. And if any fail to judge by (the light of) what Allah hath revealed, they are (No better than) wrong-doers.
مِنْ أَجْلِ ذَٰلِكَ كَتَبْنَا عَلَىٰ بَنِی إِسْرَائِیلَ أَنَّهُ مَن قَتَلَ نَفْسًا بِغَیْرِ نَفْسٍ أَوْ فَسَادٍ فِی الْأَرْضِ فَكَأَنَّمَا قَتَلَ النَّاسَ جَمِیعًا وَمَنْ أَحْیَاهَا فَكَأَنَّمَا أَحْیَا النَّاسَ جَمِیعًا ۚ وَلَقَدْ جَاءَتْهُمْ رُسُلُنَا بِالْبَیِّنَاتِ ثُمَّ إِنَّ كَثِیرًا مِّنْهُم بَعْدَ ذَٰلِكَ فِی الْأَرْضِ لَمُسْرِفُونَ
On that account: We ordained for the Children of Israel that if any one slew a person - unless it be for murder or for spreading mischief in the land - it would be as if he slew the whole people: and if any one saved a life, it would be as if he saved the life of the whole people. Then although there came to them Our messengers with clear signs, yet, even after that, many of them continued to commit excesses in the land.
فَانطَلَقَا حَتَّىٰ إِذَا لَقِیَا غُلَامًا فَقَتَلَهُ قَالَ أَقَتَلْتَ نَفْسًا زَكِیَّةً بِغَیْرِ نَفْسٍ لَّقَدْ جِئْتَ شَیْئًا نُّكْرًا
Then they proceeded: until, when they met a young man, he slew him. Moses said: "Hast thou slain an innocent person who had slain none? Truly a foul (unheard of) thing hast thou done.
2. Soul
Quran states
اللَّهُ یَتَوَفَّى الْأَنفُسَ حِینَ مَوْتِهَا وَالَّتِی لَمْ تَمُتْ فِی مَنَامِهَا ۖ فَیُمْسِكُ الَّتِی قَضَىٰ عَلَیْهَا الْمَوْتَ وَیُرْسِلُ الْأُخْرَىٰ إِلَىٰ أَجَلٍ مُّسَمًّى ۚ إِنَّ فِی ذَٰلِكَ لَآیَاتٍ لِّقَوْمٍ یَتَفَكَّرُونَ
It is Allah that takes the souls (of men) at death; and those that die not (He takes) during their sleep: those on whom He has passed the decree of death, He keeps back (from returning to life), but the rest He sends (to their bodies) for a term appointed verily in this are Signs for those who reflect.
وَمَنْ أَظْلَمُ مِمَّنِ افْتَرَىٰ عَلَى اللَّهِ كَذِبًا أَوْ قَالَ أُوحِیَ إِلَیَّ وَلَمْ یُوحَ إِلَیْهِ شَیْءٌ وَمَن قَالَ سَأُنزِلُ مِثْلَ مَا أَنزَلَ اللَّهُ ۗ وَلَوْ تَرَىٰ إِذِ الظَّالِمُونَ فِی غَمَرَاتِ الْمَوْتِ وَالْمَلَائِكَةُ بَاسِطُو أَیْدِیهِمْ أَخْرِجُوا أَنفُسَكُمُ ۖ الْیَوْمَ تُجْزَوْنَ عَذَابَ الْهُونِ بِمَا كُنتُمْ تَقُولُونَ عَلَى اللَّهِ غَیْرَ الْحَقِّ وَكُنتُمْ عَنْ آیَاتِهِ تَسْتَكْبِرُونَ
Who can be more wicked than one who inventeth a lie against Allah, or saith, "I have received inspiration," when he hath received none, or (again) who saith, "I can reveal the like of what Allah hath revealed"? If thou couldst but see how the wicked (do fare) in the flood of confusion at death! - the angels stretch forth their hands, (saying),"Yield up your souls: this day shall ye receive your reward,- a penalty of shame, for that ye used to tell lies against Allah, and scornfully to reject of His signs.
یَا أَیَّتُهَا النَّفْسُ الْمُطْمَئِنَّةُ
(To the righteous soul will be said:) "O (thou) soul, in (complete) rest and satisfaction.
ارْجِعِی إِلَىٰ رَبِّكِ رَاضِیَةً مَّرْضِیَّةً
Come back thou to thy Lord,- well pleased (thyself), and well-pleasing unto Him.
فَادْخُلِی فِی عِبَادِی
Enter thou, then, among My devotees.
وَادْخُلِی جَنَّتِی
Yea, enter thou My Heaven.
لَا أُقْسِمُ بِیَوْمِ الْقِیَامَةِ
I do call to witness the Resurrection Day.
وَلَا أُقْسِمُ بِالنَّفْسِ اللَّوَّامَةِ
.(And I do call to witness the self-reproaching spirit: (Eschew Evil
مَا أُبَرِّئُ نَفْسِی ۚ إِنَّ النَّفْسَ لَأَمَّارَةٌ بِالسُّوءِ إِلَّا مَا رَحِمَ رَبِّی ۚ إِنَّ رَبِّی غَفُورٌ رَّحِیمٌ
Nor do I absolve my own self (of blame): the (human) soul is certainly prone to evil, unless my Lord do bestow His Mercy: but surely my Lord is Oft-forgiving, Most Merciful.
3. Person and self
Quran states
مَّنْ عَمِلَ صَالِحًا فَلِنَفْسِهِ ۖ وَمَنْ أَسَاءَ فَعَلَیْهَا ۗ وَمَا رَبُّكَ بِظَلَّامٍ لِّلْعَبِیدِ
Whoever works righteousness benefits his own soul; whoever works evil, it is against his own soul: nor is thy Lord ever unjust (in the least) to His Servants.
مَنْ عَمِلَ صَالِحًا فَلِنَفْسِهِ ۖ وَمَنْ أَسَاءَ فَعَلَیْهَا ۖ ثُمَّ إِلَىٰ رَبِّكُمْ تُرْجَعُونَ
If any one does a righteous deed, it ensures to the benefit of his own soul; if he does evil, it works against (his own soul). In the end will ye (all) be brought back to your Lord.
إِنَّ الَّذِینَ یُبَایِعُونَكَ إِنَّمَا یُبَایِعُونَ اللَّهَ یَدُ اللَّهِ فَوْقَ أَیْدِیهِمْ ۚ فَمَن نَّكَثَ فَإِنَّمَا یَنكُثُ عَلَىٰ نَفْسِهِ ۖ وَمَنْ أَوْفَىٰ بِمَا عَاهَدَ عَلَیْهُ اللَّهَ فَسَیُؤْتِیهِ أَجْرًا عَظِیمًا
Verily those who plight their fealty to thee do no less than plight their fealty to Allah: the Hand of Allah is over their hands: then anyone who violates his oath, does so to the harm of his own soul, and anyone who fulfils what he has covenanted with Allah,- Allah will soon grant him a great Reward.
بَلِ الْإِنسَانُ عَلَىٰ نَفْسِهِ بَصِیرَةٌ
.Nay, man will be evidence against himself
قَالَ رَبِّ إِنِّی لَا أَمْلِكُ إِلَّا نَفْسِی وَأَخِی ۖ فَافْرُقْ بَیْنَنَا وَبَیْنَ الْقَوْمِ الْفَاسِقِینَ
He said: "O my Lord! I have power only over myself and my brother: so separate us from this rebellious people.
قَالَ الْمَلِكُ ائْتُونِی بِهِ أَسْتَخْلِصْهُ لِنَفْسِی ۖ فَلَمَّا كَلَّمَهُ قَالَ إِنَّكَ الْیَوْمَ لَدَیْنَا مَكِینٌ أَمِینٌ
So the king said: "Bring him unto me; I will take him specially to serve about my own person." Therefore when he had spoken to him, he said: "Be assured this day, thou art, before our own presence, with rank firmly established, and fidelity fully proved.
وَاصْطَنَعْتُكَ لِنَفْسِی
And I have prepared thee for Myself (for service).
أَتَأْمُرُونَ النَّاسَ بِالْبِرِّ وَتَنسَوْنَ أَنفُسَكُمْ وَأَنتُمْ تَتْلُونَ الْكِتَابَ ۚ أَفَلَا تَعْقِلُونَ
Do ye enjoin right conduct on the people, and forget (To practise it) yourselves, and yet ye study the Scripture? Will ye not understand?
4. The nature of God
Quran states
وَإِذْ قَالَ اللَّهُ یَا عِیسَى ابْنَ مَرْیَمَ أَأَنتَ قُلْتَ لِلنَّاسِ اتَّخِذُونِی وَأُمِّیَ إِلَٰهَیْنِ مِن دُونِ اللَّهِ ۖ قَالَ سُبْحَانَكَ مَا یَكُونُ لِی أَنْ أَقُولَ مَا لَیْسَ لِی بِحَقٍّ ۚ إِن كُنتُ قُلْتُهُ فَقَدْ عَلِمْتَهُ ۚ تَعْلَمُ مَا فِی نَفْسِی وَلَا أَعْلَمُ مَا فِی نَفْسِكَ ۚ إِنَّكَ أَنتَ عَلَّامُ الْغُیُوبِ
And behold! Allah will say: "O Jesus the son of Mary! Didst thou say unto men, worship me and my mother as gods in derogation of Allah´?" He will say: "Glory to Thee! never could I say what I had no right (to say). Had I said such a thing, thou wouldst indeed have known it. Thou knowest what is in my heart, Thou I know not what is in Thine. For Thou knowest in full all that is hidden.
یَوْمَ تَجِدُ كُلُّ نَفْسٍ مَّا عَمِلَتْ مِنْ خَیْرٍ مُّحْضَرًا وَمَا عَمِلَتْ مِن سُوءٍ تَوَدُّ لَوْ أَنَّ بَیْنَهَا وَبَیْنَهُ أَمَدًا بَعِیدًا ۗ وَیُحَذِّرُكُمُ اللَّهُ نَفْسَهُ ۗ وَاللَّهُ رَءُوفٌ بِالْعِبَادِ
On the Day when every soul will be confronted with all the good it has done, and all the evil it has done, it will wish there were a great distance between it and its evil. But Allah cautions you (To remember) Himself. And Allah is full of kindness to those that serve Him.
قُل لِّمَن مَّا فِی السَّمَاوَاتِ وَالْأَرْضِ ۖ قُل لِّلَّهِ ۚ كَتَبَ عَلَىٰ نَفْسِهِ الرَّحْمَةَ ۚ لَیَجْمَعَنَّكُمْ إِلَىٰ یَوْمِ الْقِیَامَةِ لَا رَیْبَ فِیهِ ۚ الَّذِینَ خَسِرُوا أَنفُسَهُمْ فَهُمْ لَا یُؤْمِنُونَ
Say: "To whom belongeth all that is in the heavens and on earth?" Say: "To Allah. He hath inscribed for Himself (the rule of) Mercy. That He will gather you together for the Day of Judgment, there is no doubt whatever. It is they who have lost their own souls, that will not believe.
وَإِذَا جَاءَكَ الَّذِینَ یُؤْمِنُونَ بِآیَاتِنَا فَقُلْ سَلَامٌ عَلَیْكُمْ ۖ كَتَبَ رَبُّكُمْ عَلَىٰ نَفْسِهِ الرَّحْمَةَ ۖ أَنَّهُ مَنْ عَمِلَ مِنكُمْ سُوءًا بِجَهَالَةٍ ثُمَّ تَابَ مِن بَعْدِهِ وَأَصْلَحَ فَأَنَّهُ غَفُورٌ رَّحِیمٌ
When those come to thee who believe in Our signs, Say: "Peace be on you: Your Lord hath inscribed for Himself (the rule of) mercy: verily, if any of you did evil in ignorance, and thereafter repented, and amend (his conduct), lo! He is Oft-forgiving, Most Merciful.
5. Fellow
Quran states
وَإِذْ أَخَذْنَا مِیثَاقَكُمْ لَا تَسْفِكُونَ دِمَاءَكُمْ وَلَا تُخْرِجُونَ أَنفُسَكُم مِّن دِیَارِكُمْ ثُمَّ أَقْرَرْتُمْ وَأَنتُمْ تَشْهَدُونَ
And remember We took your covenant (to this effect): Shed no blood amongst you, nor turn out your own people from your homes: and this ye solemnly ratified, and to this ye can bear witness.
ثُمَّ أَنتُمْ هَٰؤُلَاءِ تَقْتُلُونَ أَنفُسَكُمْ وَتُخْرِجُونَ فَرِیقًا مِّنكُم مِّن دِیَارِهِمْ تَظَاهَرُونَ عَلَیْهِم بِالْإِثْمِ وَالْعُدْوَانِ وَإِن یَأْتُوكُمْ أُسَارَىٰ تُفَادُوهُمْ وَهُوَ مُحَرَّمٌ عَلَیْكُمْ إِخْرَاجُهُمْ ۚ أَفَتُؤْمِنُونَ بِبَعْضِ الْكِتَابِ وَتَكْفُرُونَ بِبَعْضٍ ۚ فَمَا جَزَاءُ مَن یَفْعَلُ ذَٰلِكَ مِنكُمْ إِلَّا خِزْیٌ فِی الْحَیَاةِ الدُّنْیَا ۖ وَیَوْمَ الْقِیَامَةِ یُرَدُّونَ إِلَىٰ أَشَدِّ الْعَذَابِ ۗ وَمَا اللَّهُ بِغَافِلٍ عَمَّا تَعْمَلُونَ
After this it is ye, the same people, who slay among yourselves, and banish a party of you from their homes; assist (Their enemies) against them, in guilt and rancour; and if they come to you as captives, ye ransom them, though it was not lawful for you to banish them. Then is it only a part of the Book that ye believe in, and do ye reject the rest? but what is the reward for those among you who behave like this but disgrace in this life?- and on the Day of Judgment they shall be consigned to the most grievous penalty. For Allah is not unmindful of what ye do.
یَا أَیُّهَا الَّذِینَ آمَنُوا لَا یَسْخَرْ قَوْمٌ مِّن قَوْمٍ عَسَىٰ أَن یَكُونُوا خَیْرًا مِّنْهُمْ وَلَا نِسَاءٌ مِّن نِّسَاءٍ عَسَىٰ أَن یَكُنَّ خَیْرًا مِّنْهُنَّ ۖ وَلَا تَلْمِزُوا أَنفُسَكُمْ وَلَا تَنَابَزُوا بِالْأَلْقَابِ ۖ بِئْسَ الِاسْمُ الْفُسُوقُ بَعْدَ الْإِیمَانِ ۚ وَمَن لَّمْ یَتُبْ فَأُولَٰئِكَ هُمُ الظَّالِمُونَ
O ye who believe! Let not some men among you laugh at others: It may be that the (latter) are better than the (former): Nor let some women laugh at others: It may be that the (latter are better than the (former): Nor defame nor be sarcastic to each other, nor call each other by (offensive) nicknames: Ill-seeming is a name connoting wickedness, (to be used of one) after he has believed: And those who do not desist are (indeed) doing wrong.
6. Gender
Quran states
وَاللَّهُ جَعَلَ لَكُم مِّنْ أَنفُسِكُمْ أَزْوَاجًا وَجَعَلَ لَكُم مِّنْ أَزْوَاجِكُم بَنِینَ وَحَفَدَةً وَرَزَقَكُم مِّنَ الطَّیِّبَاتِ ۚ أَفَبِالْبَاطِلِ یُؤْمِنُونَ وَبِنِعْمَتِ اللَّهِ هُمْ یَكْفُرُونَ
And Allah has made for you mates (and companions) of your own nature, and made for you, out of them, sons and daughters and grandchildren, and provided for you sustenance of the best: will they then believe in vain things, and be ungrateful for Allah´s favours.
لَقَدْ مَنَّ اللَّهُ عَلَى الْمُؤْمِنِینَ إِذْ بَعَثَ فِیهِمْ رَسُولًا مِّنْ أَنفُسِهِمْ یَتْلُو عَلَیْهِمْ آیَاتِهِ وَیُزَكِّیهِمْ وَیُعَلِّمُهُمُ الْكِتَابَ وَالْحِكْمَةَ وَإِن كَانُوا مِن قَبْلُ لَفِی ضَلَالٍ مُّبِینٍ
Allah did confer a great favour on the believers when He sent among them a messenger from among themselves, rehearsing unto them the Signs of Allah, sanctifying them, and instructing them in Scripture and Wisdom, while, before that, they had been in manifest error.
فَمَنْ حَاجَّكَ فِیهِ مِن بَعْدِ مَا جَاءَكَ مِنَ الْعِلْمِ فَقُلْ تَعَالَوْا نَدْعُ أَبْنَاءَنَا وَأَبْنَاءَكُمْ وَنِسَاءَنَا وَنِسَاءَكُمْ وَأَنفُسَنَا وَأَنفُسَكُمْ ثُمَّ نَبْتَهِلْ فَنَجْعَل لَّعْنَتَ اللَّهِ عَلَى الْكَاذِبِینَ
If any one disputes in this matter with thee, now after (full) knowledge Hath come to thee, say: "Come! let us gather together,- our sons and your sons, our women and your women, ourselves and yourselves: Then let us earnestly pray, and invoke the curse of Allah on those who lie.
فَاطِرُ السَّمَاوَاتِ وَالْأَرْضِ ۚ جَعَلَ لَكُم مِّنْ أَنفُسِكُمْ أَزْوَاجًا وَمِنَ الْأَنْعَامِ أَزْوَاجًا ۖ یَذْرَؤُكُمْ فِیهِ ۚ لَیْسَ كَمِثْلِهِ شَیْءٌ ۖ وَهُوَ السَّمِیعُ الْبَصِیرُ
(He is) the Creator of the heavens and the earth: He has made for you pairs from among yourselves, and pairs among cattle: by this means does He multiply you: there is nothing whatever like unto Him, and He is the One that hears and sees (all things).