Golestan National Park is a humanized imagination

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Sunday, May 22, 2008
Extracted from Rasekhoon
Golestan National Park is one of the national parks of the country, which has a wide range of climates and animal species? We should dare and enter it to see the corners of these beauties.
Golestan National Park is the first park to be named the National Park in Iran. The park was protected by the hunting center on Mordad 19, 1336, under the names of Alme and Ishki protected areas. Then on Bahman 23, 1340, without change in scope, it was called the Almeh Protected Area, and was renamed Mohammad Reza Shah's Park on 6th of September, 1342. The following year, on April 22, 1343, the area was named the "zoo". After the formation of an organization for observing hunting and overseeing the capture and transfer of the functions of the center to that organization, it was governed by the same name until 1350. In 1353, after amending the Hunting and Fishing laws (3/10/1353), changing the theme of wildlife parks to the National Park, the area became a national park. Then in September, 1350, a region in the east of the park called "Maghar Khod" with an area of 34 hectares as Protected Area joined the area, and in 1355 both areas were merged into a single area with an area of 125 thousand and 895 hectares by the name of National Park under the protection. After the victory of the Islamic Revolution, the two regions were again separated from each other and renamed the current park with a total area of 91 thousand 895 hectares to Golestan National Park.
If we go through the Haraz road by car, we pass Gedwick Mountains Pass. The magnificent Alborz, slowly falls in a green cover. We pass villages and cities one by one. We arrive at Sari and we look at fish marketers and buy fish.
At 3 o'clock we arrive in Gorgan: beautiful road of magnificent Naharkhoran jungle, and Golestan Environment Department. Engineer Mohajer, Director General of Environment Department in Golestan Province informs his co-workers for cooperation.
Engineer Mehrjou, the assistant of the Environment Department, will provide all the necessary instructions and will introduce engineer Atabey, who has been educated in the field. He also introduces forester: Abdolreza Ghorbanpour, who has been working in the environment for about 20 years and is quite familiar with the surrounding nature. He knows both the paths and the nature well, both the habit of the animals and the behavior of the plants. Ghorbanpour has a lot of things to say: he has seen bears and panther and other animals....
The starting point of the Golestan National Park starts from the village of Tangrah, in 145 km northeast of Gorgan, which leads to the western edge of the park. From this village, the limit of the park along the road, which can be called ring road of the park, continued to the south, and after crossing the Jamshidabad area, along the electricity transmission line to the Kandzuku mill and from the village of Dasht Shad village and road junction Dasht-e Shad- Agh Maizar stretches out. From this point, the southern edge of the park begins, facing the east along the same ring road at the cluster line of Aghmazar forest reaching to the Ilanli cliffs, and passes the "Bid" valley and reaches "Gharie Dasht". This route is first forest and then free of forest cover.
Above the village of Dasht along the road to the north, the boundary of the park is connected to the Tehran-Mashhad highway, and this area continues along the highway to the east to the Arab Sheibani gas station in 120 kilometers on west of Bojnourd.
The eastern boundary of the park starts from the same gas station to the north along the road to the Razavi village, after passing the Mirza Baylou plain, it reaches to Yag-e-Tikalan mountain pass and the highlands of Qazlaq and the Solgerd hunting ground and Dahane Badbar and the southwest lands of Takhteh and from this point, turning westward, the northern side of the park begins and runs along the road leading to the ring road of the park towards the west and extends from the south of the Lendor lands and continues to the village of Zaw Olia.
From the village of Zaw, the westernmost part of the park begins by turning southwest and crosses the forests of Ghorgun and Ghosh Shamshah, reaching the first point, that is to say, Tangrah.
We are currently staying in motel of Tange Gol. Where is it here? A corner of a great paradise?!
A walk in the divided National Park
It is sunset; the group wants to take a walk in the national park. The head of the group points to the main road of Mashhad and says: "Part of this road passes through the Golestan National Park, which flooded it last year and destroyed part of it, mostly due to the destruction of the environment; Forests are the lungs of the planet. "
Golestan is not the only national park that the road passes through. Khojir National Park also has the same situation, and when a road devides a park into halves, the environment is halved, a two-part ecosystem, which minimizes the association of animals between the two environments, environmental interaction and equilibrium of the area is lost and....
It does not take long to find that the creatures and goats are found in the rocks on the left. We stand, take pictures. See them in spectacular sunset. They climb up the cliff, happy and sharp. At first the goats and then the wild goats disappear on the other side of the valley. The sun also chases them. The sun disappears behind the mountain ridge. The night comes, and nightly night humor of the plain.
Tired of the way we make dinner, and Inanloo makes a meal in one hour, mixing strange things, which is very tasty. We rest in a villa dedicated to me in the "Tange Gol". Rest of the group's members are in another villa. Behind the window the wild boar's sound is heard. Why aren’t I afraid?! It is midnight. I read Golestan National Park information for tomorrow's tour: "In the vicinity of Golestan National Park there are two cities: Gonbad-Kavoos in 55 km west and Bojnourd in 115 km east. Golestan National Park is heavily influenced by the humidity of the Caspian Sea in terms of climate conditions. And the winds from the west always bring a lot of moisture to the area. The vegetation of Golestan National Park consists mainly of the two parts of the Hirkani and Iran, Turanian and Ecotone segments, both of which are of the important vegetations of Iran.
● morning again and waking up again
In Mirza Baylou police station waiting foresters have prepared breakfast. People who have borrowed their attitude and their nature from nature, and protect the environment and the plants with an inexpressible delicacy in this u apparent. Abbas Jafari joins us too.
Cameras are ready at the crack of down. One or two groups of ovis appear from the distance. The weather becomes brighter and our main duty begins. Inanloo takes photos and when sun comes up, Abbas, takes a picture, from the sun at the tip of the summit, and from an ovis that appears exactly above us and looks at me. What a sense of beauty: one ovis looks at me, and I also look at her!
Maybe it does not know the nature around it. But with all its authority and relying on all its natural instincts, it protects the surrounding nature. I also destroy nature around me with all my convictions and reliance on my intellect. It is a part of the whole, and I am an invader element in Whole.
Inanloo explains that, behind the ovis, other ovises also climb up and this one is responsible for protecting them, and basically the life set the responsibility of protection of the life on females. We walk through Aalame valley. A boar covered in sludge climbs up slowly. I also review my feelings about the boar. Feelings that cannot be written, and cannot be said, it's a personal feeling. Here is the plain of Aalme. The word Aalme in Turkish means apple, although it does not contain apple!
● Oryol ovis
One of the most important mammals living here is the Oryal ovis. In Iran, it has been researching about ovises and wild goats and goats for about 50 years. The territory of the Armenian ovis is from Azerbaijan to Zanjan, the territory of the Oryal ovis is in the northeast of Iran, the Central Alborz ovis from Kelardasht to Firoozkooh. We also have the Isfahan ovis and the Shahraq ovis and the Larestan ovis which is the smallest ovis in the world. A group of scientists believe that there are two ovises in Iran: Armenian and Oryal, and the rest are subspecies. The Oryal ovis, which we are now in its territory, is the largest and most beautiful ovis in Iran.
We watch the ovis for a while and walk to the valley, hoping we can find a leopard. We start walking in the Degar Manli valley and enjoy this walk. Gradually we go down. Abdul Reza makes the camera ready. We still see the ovis not escaping!
Degar Manli is a beautiful valley, with cypress trees and Pine called Aras. Hunters call it Ursus, which means a tree with its roots in the water. They say that these mountains have water in the depths, and that the trees send their roots so deep in depth that its roots reach the water. We find a cut tree. It turns out that the age of this tree is 80 years old.
There are 8200 plant species in Iran, and although our country is very dry, its vegetation varies more than European continent.
On the way, we come to the new Leopard's hint, and Abdul Reza warns us all to be careful. These signs represent the territory of the leopard. Leopard with these signs shows off his territory. On the way back, we see signs of the bear. It is a big paw print that is like a human footprint, and along with it is a smaller print that looks like a baby bear paw print.
Homaye Sa'adat (Gypaetus barbatus)
We are moving forward with excitement, and we see no bears or leopards. But Homape Sa'adat (Gypaetus barbatus) is over us, a large and magnificent bird circling at an altitude of approximately 40 meters. Under his body is orange color. A predatory bird that I always thought was a legend. In Latin it is called Gipatus and in French is Zilber. Homa is one of the predatory birds, glorious and beautiful that has nest in the highland cliffs with a wall. Its main food is the mammalian bone marrow. The daily horizons of the Homa range id from 200 to 700 square kilometers and their nesting distance is about 1 km.
There is no way, we have to go back. The road is very slippery. We go to one or two places to go to the wilderness to see more of the nature and shorten the distance, and eventually we arrive at the Mirza Baylo police station. There is a wide snowy plain near the police station where the gazelles dance and run and they are seen in the whole plain. Gazelle is a vulnerable animal and the militants are bothering to protect them. Abdul Reza says that we can go to the plain and take pictures of ovises and ewes. The suggestion is sweet, but the busy lives and work in Tehran are waiting for us.