Writing Quran at the time of revelation

At the beginning, all the focus of the Prophet and his companions was to gather the Quran and keep it in their hearts. It was also an old and common habit among Arabs and easier work. Aside from that, the writing tools, was not as much ready as enough. However, it was from here that attention to learning by heart was superior to memorizing the Koran. But, it was not also the case that consistently writing of the Quran to be forgotten and no one cares about it. It would also regarded by the Prophet. Therefore, the Prophet selected those who knew to write and also encouraged those who were weak in this area and selected many persons him who could write. When a verse of Holy Quran revealed, the prophet called someone or a group of writers and asked them to write carefully. In this context, there is also abundant evidence and witnesses. In the first place the Qur'an itself is a witness that since same year of stay in Mecca and long before the migration, the Quran has been written and exchanged hand in hand. The first signs of revelation: "Read in the name of thy Lord, the one created the world, Created man from the clot! Your Lord is the greatest, the one who taught by the pen, taught man what did not know. These verses clearly recount the Prophet's preoccupation to memorize the Quran by guarantee in writing. They might say that these are stories of the celestial universe and written by heaven; we have a more clear testimony: in Surah al-Furqan, Verse 5 mentioned: "and it was recounted that these are the old myths that are written and have them write morning and night. "This verse about six-and seven years and about this up to emigrate time have been revealed and here the common charges of the idolaters have been recounted that they revealed. In any case, the verse point out that the opponents, themselves, disseminated.
After the next migration, the situation is clear. Although Engineer Bazargan regards Chapter 98 in the sixth year of Prophesy, the rest regards it after migration. However, there is a case in the writings of the Koran that said:
"A prophet of God calls upon them clean and true scriptures; in those scriptures, there are books of truth and right.
Thus, the Quran is a proof that the revelation of God has been written and published from the very beginning. We add attention and care of the Prophet in writing of this Revelation, though we would see these efforts in encouraging companions to writing, teaching and learning in a more detailed. But, here just a hint to the position of pen in the initial revelations makes it inevitable. Pen, this initial element of knowledge and science was as a means of human cognition and science and this praise and honor showed the prophet's attempt in learning the Quran. The Prophet has not lost any minute of recording of divine revelation and any point in training his time generation and has recorded it for future generations. In the beginning all the attention, has been only to maintain and record the Quran whether to preserve the memory or holy Quran writing. The prophet wanted all the people to write and benefit Quran.
We have seen samples of his encouragement to people to read the Quran and then, he said "there is no sin bigger than that when someone learns a Quran chapter or a verse and then forgets it. Thus the wetness of the Quran reader's tongue must be Quran Verse and he should adhere to it and never forget it.
The Prophet had commanded a group to write, these authors, as we will see, were out of the companions and they as the Prophet ordered wrote the words of God on what they found. The ruler writes in his works that the Quran was collected in three times (1): the first stage was in the time of the Prophet (PBUH), then "to the condition of the two Sheikhs and the third; Zayd Ibn Thabit narrates" We were with the messenger of Allah and collected the Quran from the fresh letters. It has been narrated from Sayyed Murtaza (RA) that the Quran has been gathered at the time of the Messenger of Allah, as it is now and even a Group of the companions have been recommended. Holy Quran was being read to the Prophet (PBUH) and some persons of the companions read the Quran to the prophet and even several readings. However all of these, with slightest reflection imply that those were tidy and ordered without shortcomings and distribution. But Azahri said: "the Prophet died and the Quran has not been collected, but we see in the branches of palm trees some signs of them. The Prophet himself had a careful and closely monitored on the work of the writers.
It was narrated of Ibn Abbas that that he said when something was revealing to him, he called one of the writers and said "put these verses where mentioned. It was narrated from Uthman bin Abi Al-Aas who that said "I was in the presence of the Prophet that the Prophet said that the Gabriel has come and recommends me to put this verse in this part of Surah. It was narrates from Ibn Abbas that said I was in the presence of the Gabriel has come and orders to put this verse in this part of this Surah and also said that Gabriel brought this verse " believe in the day that you will return to God" and ordered to put this verse on the beginning over two hundred and eighty verse of Bagareh Chapter and also said that God has put it between two verses of lucre and safekeeping.
There are many narratives in this regard and will be mentioned in its own place. Therefore, all this suggests writing Quran, verse by verse and chapter by chapter at the time of the Messenger of God. Perhaps one of the writers learned by heart the chapter dropped or Prophet read it to the prophet and then, for example, in series or to another job went out of town and in his absence a verse or chapter revealed. When he got back, took what he received from others and sometimes also happened that he has lost something; he had collected as much as he wanted and to this reason something occurred in his writing. Therefore, there was someone who had much trust in keeping them and Arab did not write even the verses because of habit.
The writers of the revelation
The Prophet Mohammad had praising capability in writing and encouraged everyone to work on reading and writing, especially in writing divine revelation. It is said that in earlier of the mission in all the Quraysh tribe, only seventeen people could read and write but his encouragement caused that more than 40 people to be as divine writers including some persons who learned to write and had not accounted like them. There are many disagreements about the number of the Quran writers. So, the number of Quran writers gets to 40 people. Among Orientalists have commented on this issue, the French Blashir says: Casanova have compared five lists that Ibn Sa'd, Tabari, Novi and Halabi have provided but, according to the Blashir this is not enough, we must add the list that Siuti gives, as well. But in fact, truly statement requires much more study in the resources. The main problem of the job includes writing of the revelation during the Prophet's stay in Mecca. Because if we compare civil and Maki verses, we would see that out of one hundred and fourteen chapters of the Quran in Mecca eighty-six chapter dropped in Mecca and, nearly 1600 verses are just civil verses. Of course, the Meccan verses are shorter and therefore if we consider the approximate number of words, just over a third of the Quran revealed in Medina and nearly two-thirds of it revealed in Mecca. Thus, the importance of the writers in Mecca is revealed more. In particular, when we think that some portion of time the prophet has been hidden in the house of Arqam or Shohaib Ibn Argam moreover, our knowledge of the period of Mecca is less than Medina. Therefore, investigating the news in this area is a difficult task and one of the specific problems, motivations and different tendencies, especially doctrinal and ideological tendencies is the registration of persons as the writer of Revelation. Interest in having the names on this list of honor, especially when the history of those people history have not exactly been recorded for everyone yet and the moments of each writers in helping the Messenger of Allah has not been determined and importantly there is no careful distinction between the revelation writers and those of Epistles. But with all these problems, we can not initiate the overall investigation. More careful research demands greater access to reach resources but, we can begin overall review the form that the narrators and historians have given that in respect to the Companions reference to Islam can thus be set.
Writers of Mecca period
The four Caliphs, Shorhabil Ibn Hassaneh (d. 18 AH), Abdullah Ibn Saad Ibin Abi al-Sarhan Qureshi (d. 37 AH), Khalid bin Said bin al-Aas ibn Umayeh, Talha, Zubair (d. 36 AH), Saad ibn Abi Waqqas (d. 55 AH), Amer bin Fahyrh (d 4 e) , Alaa Ibn Hazarmi (d. 21 AH), Moein ibn Abi Fatemh Al Düsi (d. 40 AH), Arqam ibn Abi Alarqm (d. 11 AH), Hatib ibn Amr Ibn , Jahm Ibn Qaise, Hateb Ibn Abi Baltahe, Mus'ab Ibn Umair Abdullah bin Jahsh.
Medina period
In this period the number of the writers increased. In the beginning, Abi bin Ka'b did writing and when Zayd ibn Thabit, who became more educated and more accomplished and completed writing with the captives of Badr, he occasionally went before the prophet and those who later joined this group were : Abdullah Ibn Ravahe (d 8 e), Thabit ibn Qays (d. 12 AH), Hanzaleh Ibin Al-Rabi Al Asidi (d. 45 AH), Hazifeh Ibn Yaman (36 e), Ala bin Aqaba, Juhaiman Ibn Salat, Abdullah ibn Zayd (d. 63 AH), Muhammad ibn Maslamah (d. 43 AH) , Hanzaleh bin Abi Amer (d 3 e), Abdullah ibn Abdullah ibn Abi Sakan, Qais Ibn Amer (d. 58 AH), Maaz Ibn Jabal, Abu Ayub Ansari (d. 52 AH) and Mogair Ibn Sho'be (M 50 and another group joined that group later.
Thus, we have the name of forty-five of the companions who said they participated in writing the revelation. But, this requires further study and accurate analysis. It is natural that the Prophet, especially in the last years had many writings. Because, the letters that wrote the princes and his colleagues wrote to participate in the wars, the reports they gave ,the letters arrived from their around, treaties that they set up, instructions they issued and all and all required an organization was founded and then at the time of the second Caliph became like a court. But, the main and essential job was writing the revelation that more than all in this work as helper was Hazrat Ali and Ottoman (PBUH) and in their absence, Abi cooperated and later Zayd taught writing and then joined them. It was because he was young and his house was near the house of the Prophet and he was in reach any time needed.