The children of Imam Ali

Some of the Shiite intellectuals and researchers believe that Amir Momenan (Imam Ali (peace be upon him)) did not have a girl with name '' Umme Gulthum'' except Hazrat Zeinab (peace be upon her) and in fact, Umme Gulthum is the same Hazrat Zeinab (peace be upon her).
Persons that have introduced the children of Amir Momenan and Fateme Zahra five ( Imam Hasan, Imam Hussein, Mohsen, Zeinab and Umme Gulthum) have believed in the contents of narrations which sometimes Zeinab and Umme Gulthum have been said; therefore, they have mentioned the names of both. This matter has been mentioned in all of the Shiite books.
The remark of the Shiite scientists in order to confirm this point of view
Razi al-Din Hali, one of great Shiite scientists (8 A.H.), has written about the children of Amir Momenan (peace be upon him)
كان له ( عليه السلام ) سبعة وعشرون ذكرا وأنثى: الحسن، والحسين، وزينب الكبرى المكناة بأم كلثوم من فاطمة بنت رسول الله ( صلى الله عليه وآله )....
Imam Ali (peace be upon him) had twenty seven children (sons and daughters). Hasan, Hussein, and Zeinab whose title was Umme Gulthum were descendants.
Al-Hali Razi al-Din Ala Ben Yusef al-Motahr (died in 705 A.H.); al-Adad al-Ghavie Ledaf al-Makhavef (page 242); researcher: al-Seyed Mahdi al-Rejaei; publisher: Maktabe Ayatollah al-Marashi-Qom; al-Tabe al-Ola (1408 A.H).
Ayatollah Marashi has written in the book '' Sharh al-Ahghagh al-Hagh'' narrated by Fazl Ben Ruz Bahan, one of scientists 10 A.H.
ومنهم العلامة فضل الله روزبهان الخنجي الأصفهاني المتوفى سنة 927 في " وسيلة الخادم إلى المخدوم " در شرح صلوات چهارده معصوم عليهم السلام ( ص 103 ط كتابخانه عمومى آية الله العظمى نجفى بقم ) قال:... و
Hazrat Amir al-Momenin Ali had seventeen children, twenty children in another narration. Imam Hasan, Imam Hussein, Mohsen, he died in his childhood, and Umme Gulthum were the children of Fateme.
Al-Marashi al-Najafi; Ayatollah al-Seyed Shahab al-Din (died in 1369 A.H.);Sharh Ahghagh Va Azhagh al-Batel (volume 30/ page 172); publisher: Manshurat Maktabe Ayatollah al-Marashi al-Najafi-Qom.
Bagher Sharif al-Gharshi, the contemporary researcher and one of the Shiite glories that lives in Najaf, has said about this case
ليس لصديقة الطاهرة بنت غير السيدة زينب. و أنها تكنّا بأُمّ كلثوم. كما ذكرنا اليه بعض المحققين. و علي ايّ حال فإنّي اذهب بغير تردد اذا ان الصديقة الطاهرة الزهراء ليس عندها بنت تسمّي بأُم كلثوم
Sedighe Tahere did not have any daughters except Hazrat Zeinab and the patronymic of Hamu was Umme Gulthum. Even some researchers have such an opinion. However, I believe that Sedighe Tahere did not have a daughter with name '' Umme Gulthum.
Al-Gharshi Begher Sharif; Hayat Seyede al-Nesa Fateme al-Zahra (peace be upon her) (page 219)
Some of the Sunni scientists have mentioned the children of Hazrat Zahra (peace be upon her) only four or three persons and they have not mentioned any name from Umme Gulthum. Salehi Shami has written in the book '' Sabal al-Hoda and al-Reshad
الثاني: في ولده - رضي الله تعالى عنهم - له من الولد الحسن والحسين ومحسن وزينب الكبرى من فاطمة - رضي الله تعالى عنهم - وله أولاد من غيرها كثيرون.
The children of Imam Ali (may God be well pleased with him) and Hazrat Fateme Zahra were: Hasan, Hussein, Mohsen and Zeinab Kobra and he had a lot of children from his other wives. '
Al-Salehi al-Shami; Muhammad Ben Yusef (died in 942 A.H.); Sabal al-Hoda and al-Reshad Fi Sire Kheir al-Ebad (volume 11/ page 288); researcher: Adel Ahmad Abd al-Mojud and Ala Muhammad Movaz; publisher: Dar al-Kotob al-Elmie- Beirut; al-Tabe: al-Ola (1414 A.H).
In addition,Shahab al-Din Ghalubi ( died in 1069 A.H.) that has written about the biography of Jalal al-Din Mahali Menhaj al-Talebin has mentioned the children of Amir Momenan three persons and Jalal al-Din Siuti narrates such matter
قوله: ( والاعتبار بالأب ) أي إلا في حقه (ص) فإن أولاد بنته فاطمة وهم الحسن والحسين وأولادهما من الذكور ينتسبون إليه، وهم الأشراف في عرف مصر وإن كان الشرف أصالة لقبا لكل من أهل البيت، وأما أولاد زينب بنت فاطمة، وكذا أولاد بنات الحسن والحسين وأولادهما من غيرهم، فإنهم ينتسبون إلى آبائهم وإن كان يقال للجميع أولاده (ص) وذريته.
فائدة: قال الجلال السيوطي رحمه الله لم يعقب من أولاده (ص) إلا فاطمة الزهراء فإنها ولدت من علي رضي الله عنه الحسن والحسين وزينب، وتزوجت زينب هذه بابن عمها عبد الله فولد له منها علي وعون الأكبر وعباس ومحمد وأم كلثوم، وكل ذرية فاطمة يقال لهم أولاده (ص) وذريته لكن لا ينسب إليه منهم إلا الذكور من أولاد الحسن والحسين خاصة لنصه على ذلك ا ه.
It is true that a son child is related to father, but it is not true about the messenger of God (peace of Allah be upon him and his descendants) because the children of Hazrat Fateme (Hasan and Hussein) and the son children of Hazrat Fateme and Imam Ali are related to the prophet (peace of Allah be upon him and his descendants). They are called aristocrat in the custom of Egyptian although aristocrat is considered as atitle for all of Ahle Beit.
However, the daughter children of Hazrat Fateme and the daughter children of Imam Hasan and Imam Hussein and their children that are not considered as Ahle Beit are related to their fathers and they are called Zarie and the children of the messenger of God (peace of Allah be upon him and his descendants).
Jalal al-Din Siuti has said '' the messenger God (peace of Allah be upon him and his descendants) did not have any children except Hazrat Fateme Zahra and after she married Imam Ali ( peace be upon him), she gave birth to children whose names were, Hasan, Hussein and Zeinab. Zeinab married her cousin (her paternal uncle's son), Abdullah, and they had children whose names were Ali, Un Akbar, Abas, Muhammad and Umme Gulthum. All of children of Hazrat Fateme are considered as the children of the messenger of the prophet (peace of Allah be upon him and his descendants), but the son children of Imam Hasan and Imam Hussein are related to the prophet (peace of Allah be upon him and his descendants) because the prophet has confirmed this matter.
al-Ghaliui; Shahab al-Din Ahmad Ben Ahmad Ben Salame ( died in 1069 A.H.); Hashie Ghaliui Ala Sharh Jalal al-Din al-Mahali Ala Menhaj al-Talebin ( volume 3 page 236); researcher: Maktab al-Bahus and al-Derasat; publisher: Dar al-Fekr, Beirut; al-Tabe: al-Ola, 1419 A.H. -1998 A.D.
Sheikh Muhammad Khezri, one of the Sunni Egyptian scientists, considers the children of Hazrat Fateme (peace be upon her) three
زواج علي بفاطمة عليهما السلام. وفي هذه السنة تزوج علي بن أبي طالب وعمره إحدى وعشرون سنة بفاطمة بنت رسول الله، وسنها خمس عشرة سنة، وكان منها عقب رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم بنوه: الحسن والحسين وزينب.
In the second year of the migration, Imam Ali that was twenty one years old married Hazrat Fateme that was fifteen years old.
Al-Khezra; al-Sheikh Muhammad (died in 1298 A.H.); Nur al-Yaghin Fi Sire Seyed al-Morselin (volume 1/ page 111); researcher: Ahmad Mahmud Khatab; publisher: Maktabe al-Iman –al-Mansure / Egypt; al-Tabe: al-Ola 1419 A.H. /1999 A.D
The documents of this point of view:
There are a lot of documents in order to prove this view, but we will mention some of them:
1. Both names of Umme Gulthum and Zeinab (only one of them) have existed in no books with valid document:
The first document is that both names of Umme Gulthum and Zeinab( only one of them) have not been mentioned in any books about children of Hazrat Fateme Zahra ( peace be upon her) and stories related to them with valid document in the Shiite sources, but only the name of zeinab or Umme Gulthum has been mentioned.
It has not been said clearly in any narrations with valid document of the Shias that the second caliph married the daughter of Hazrat Fateme Zahra ( peace be upon her), but all of the narrations have introduced Umme Gulthum a girl in the house of Imam Ali ( peace be upon him).
Only thing that has been justified as document is the deductions and the remarks of some the scientists that cannot be reason for others.
2. Whom did Abdullah Ben Jafar marry?
The Sunni scientists have narrated with valid documents that Abdullah Ben Jafar married one of wives of Amir Momenan and his daughter (Umme Gulthum) at the same time. The name of girl that Abdullah Ben Jafar married was mentioned Umme Gulthum (the name of one of daughters of Imam Ali) in some narrations and in the other narrations, it was mentioned Zeinab( the name of one of other daughters of Imam Ali).
Muhammad Ben Ismaeil Bokhari has written
وَجَمَعَ عبد اللَّهِ بن جَعْفَرٍ بين ابْنَةِ عَلِيٍّ وَامْرَأَةِ عَلِيٍّ.
Abdullah Ben Jafar married one of wives of Amir Momenan and his daughter (Umme Gulthum) at the same time
Al-Bokhari al-Jafei; Muhammad Ben Ismaeil Abu Abdullah (died in 256 A.H.); Sahhih al-Bokhari (volume 5/ page 1963); Kennab Alnneka:
بَاب ما يَحِلُّ من النِّسَاءِ وما يَحْرُمُ
researcher: Mostafa Dib al-Bagha; publisher: Dar Ebn Kasir, al-Yamame- Beirut; al-Tabe : al-Salese; 1407-1987 )
Some of the Sunni scientists have introduced this girl Umme Gulthum in the explanation of this narration.
وجمع عبد الله بن جعفر بين بنت علي وامرأته أما امرأة علي فهي ليلى بنت مسعود وأما بنته فهي زينب.
Abdullah Ben Jafar married one of wives of Amir Momenan and his daughter (Umme Gulthum) at the same time, but his wife was Leili Bent Masud and his daughter was Zeinab.
Al- Asghalani al-Shafei; Ahmad Ben Ali Ben Hajar Abu Alfazl (died in 852 A.H.); the book '' Hoda al-Sari Moghadame Fath al-Bari Shrah Sahih al-Bokhari'' (volume 1/ page 321); researcher: Muhammad Favad Abd al-Bafi; Moheb al-Din al-Khatib; publisher: Dar al-Marafe- Beirut-1379 A.H.
Some have introduced the girl that married Abdullah Ben Jafar Umme Gulthum
حَدَّثَنَا سعيد حَدَّثَنَا جَرِير بن عَبد الحميد عَن قثم مولى آل العباس قال جمع عَبد الله بن جعفر بين ليلى بنت مَسعود النهشلية وكانت امرأة على وبين أم كلثوم بنت على لفاطمة بنت رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم فكانتا امرأتيه.
Abdullah Ben Jafar married Leili (the daughter of Masud Nahshali) that was the previous wife of Imam Ali and Umme Gulthum , the child of Hazrat Fateme that was only daughter of the messenger of God (peace of Allah be upon him and his descendants).
Al-Khorasani; Saeid Ben Mansur (died in 227 A.H.); Sonan Saeid Ben Mansur (volume/ page 286/ alphabet 1011); researcher: al-Dar al-Selfie-al-Hend; al-Tabe: al-Ola 1403A.H.-1982 A.D.
The document of this narration is completely valid. After Ebn Hajar narrated this narration, he said
وقال بن سيرين لا بأس به وصله سعيد بن منصور عنه بسند صحيح
This Hadith has no doubts because Saeid Ben Mansur has narrated it with valid document.
al-Asghalani al-Shafei; Ahmad Ben Ali Ben Hajar Abu Alfazl ( died in 852 Moheb al-Din al-Khatib; publisher: Dar al-Marefe-Beirut
Moreover, the son of Ahmad Ben Hanbal has introduced the girl that married Abdullah Ben Jafar Umme Gulthum
كانت عند عبد الله بن جعفر أم كلثوم بنت علي وليلى بنت مسعود وامرأة علي النهشلية.
Umme Gulthum, the daughter of Imam Ali and Leila, the daughter of Masud Nahshali that used to be the wife Imam Ali, lived in the house of Abdullah Ben Jafar and were his wives at the same time.
Abdullah Ben Ahmad Ben Hanbal (died in 290 A.H.); Masael Ahmad Ben Hanbal Ravaye Abne Abdullah (volume 1/ page 349); researcher: Zahir al-Shavish; publisher: al-Maktab al-Islam- Beirut; al-Tabe: al-Ola 1401 A.H.-1981A.D.
Beihaghi has also introduced Umme Gulthum as the name of wife of Abdullah Ben Jafar in two of his books
جمع عبد الله بن جعفر بين ليلى بنت مسعود والنهشلية وكانت امرأة علي وبين أم كلثوم بنت علي لفاطمة فكانتا امرأتيه.
Abdullah Ben Jafar married Leili (the daughter of Masud Nahshali) that was the previous wife of Imam Ali and Umme Gulthum (the child of Hazrat Fateme and Imam Ali).