Anthropology in the mystical-political idea of Imam

In general, we can say that in the Imam's opinion, religion and politics are truly mixed together, politic is the same as worshiping and religion, and its dignity is human guidance.
Before entering the discussion of anthropology from the perspective of Imam, it is better to present Imam's viewpoint which is located in geometry of monotheism, Islam, human, happiness, people and society, as below:
1. Action Monotheism means that all events are documented in the will of God, and do not existing (creature) can affect independently of God. Attribute unity means that all is perfection in the universe belong to God, and no creature is perfect independently. The belief in the unity is the origin of behavior, words and deeds of man.
2. Man has a body and soul, it has physical and spiritual dimensions and has appearance and reality that affect each other, and it has life in this world and the hereafter.
3. Man is first an animal with nature; nature of loving pure perfection and hatred to imperfection, and he can be trained to be human.
4. Islam was revealed to make people human and notices to all of the human characters and dimension. But his invitation is just for the modification of immortal life of human which depends on the soul, and his inner world. Modification of physical appearance and body is in order to correct the hereafter.
5. The attainment of the highest human perfection can be achieved by serving the people and guiding society. This issue raises both for the divine prophets (fourth mystical journey), and both for the people. The divine religions totally opposed to monasticism.
As it is evident from these principles, in the structure of creation, human and prosperity and development are of pivotal issues, and it is a part of the mystery of existence, so that consequently the mission, province, justice, community and government formation can find a meaning. Therefore, knowing human is base of all knowledge, even the knowledge of God (he who knows his soul, will know his God). The basis and look at the mystical, theological, political and cultural works of Imam are totally evident and Imam's look at man is spiritual and mystical, and he has come into political, social and cultural field by the same look.
In Imam Khomeini's perspective, human cognition is the basis of all knowledge that is related to human being and his relationships. If man is not known, history and historical campaigns, community and social issues, politics and political affairs, governance and issues of governance, administration and management, and managing behavior and other issues are not well understood. In Imam Khomeini's opinion, knowing human is the key knowledge. Imam writes in his book Mesbah al-hedayeh ela Al-khalafeh va Al-vleayah:
Ladder of such education, and even the ladder of all the facts of the Sufi mystic is truly self-knowledge. So upon you to obtain this knowledge as self-knowledge is the key to understanding all the keys, and it is light of all lights; and he who knew him has known his Lord. The perfect man that Adam is one of the examples is the sign and symbol of God's names and attributes of God.
Imam knows the whole being as Malik Allah (God's house), so that the only prevailing will is the will of God, and the kingdom of God extends to all levels of existence, and nothing exists unless he (it) is under the reign and the property of Lord. Anthropology of political thoughts of Imam is result of this mystical interpretation. From this perspective, the creation is the result of divine providence, and man is extract of creation and is the caliph of God on earth, and this extract of the creation has different dimensions.
Man, who is the essence of all creation, has different aspects, different sizes and different dimensions. He is partner of plants in one aspect and he is partner of animals in other aspects.... and above this he has a human transcendental order...there are things, which only belong to man for example wisdom and spirituality and the inner celibacy that other animals do not have this level of reasoning and higher order of human abstraction.
Accordingly, in his thought, the main focus is on human and how they conduct and way of their life is decisive. Imam knows domination of human and animal aspects of man over his actions and behaviors as the source of all evils and injustices of the universe, and knows the human tendency to spirituality as the factor of his reforms in the world:
The basis of the human suffering that is basis of all wars and oppressions and corruption and aggression is on its axis. Its basis is self-love and has manifestations that if you see you will understand that these manifestations have dragged man to misery.
The ultimate goal of the creation is happiness and perfection of man; and on the other hand, purpose of the holy prophets was man-making and guiding mankind to perfection. The aim of prophets is human education, and Imam knows religious education basis as men considering mental and spiritual virtues and developing limited views of the people from the small material world to infinite hidden world, , which is contrary to material educations. Thus, divine training is necessary for decent human education which requires divine government.
Man-making in the ideas of Imam Khomeini has a high position, and basically the main point of divine rules over other governments is the same point. According to Imam, the prophets of God were sent to train man, build human beings, prevent human from anti-values, evil, corruption and vices around them, and make them familiar with moral virtues.
Another aspect from the Imam's point of view is effect of the individual reform on social reform. According to Imam, if man is corrected, the society and the world are modified, and this is the centerpiece of his political ideas. Imam emphasizes on the inner purification of man more than anything else, and he sees the way of society reform in internal reforming and purification of people, and he knows the reason of corruption of communities as giving power and government to the wrong hands. The power itself does not have a negative concept in opinion of Imam, but power is very desirable if it is in the ultimate way which is happiness of man.
Imam wrote:
If the power is very dangerous if it is in hands of non-refined people. Power is a type of perfection. Almighty God is capable and powerful. However, if the power goes to corrupted people, they will pull perfection into corruption. The world today has the problem that power is in the hands of persons who do not have any interest in humanity ... power will create perfection for the nations if it is in the hands of the perfect man.
Thus, the formation of a government that is in path of divine purposes is needed, and the only way to achieve these goals is giving power to the hands of competent people. The result is that there is a deep relationship between personal happiness (perfection seeking) and the type and structure of human society and politics because government can eliminate individual perfection and develop corrupted society.
Imam's mystical attitude towards humans and the effects of the communities' reformation is also concerned to another dimension. In fact, in Imam's point of view, there is mutual relationship between individual reform and improvement of society that influence each other directly. But his emphasis on the need for government of cultured people is important because his political thought is the logical result of the mystical interpretation of the meaning of human existence, and it is the umbilical of any incompetent government.
it is very important that his mystical attitude to human leads to a particular understanding of the policy upon which as serving inner evil prevents individual happiness, adherence to corrupted ruling system prevents the happiness and perfection of society at large unrighteous. For this reason, we can say that the political thought of Imam is the result of his mystical and insight thought.
His attitude to the role, responsibilities and goals of Islamic rule is due to the gnostic view that he knows the Islamic government's aim to improve moral and spiritual education and development of material and spiritual life of the community, and he knows hereafter and the worldly happiness as the ultimate goal of human. In his vision, the government has a very important position in the people's movement toward human perfection. For this reason, he always insisted on reforming the structure and functions of government and knew the principles of Islam as basis of society and government and move.