
Translator: Zahra. Kalaa
Source: rasekhoon.net
Source: rasekhoon.net
Imam Jafar Sadegh was born in the seventeen of Rabie Aval in Heijrat 83 and the day of the birth of the prophet (peace of Allah be upon him and his descendants). His name was Abdullah and his title was Abu Abdullah. He was called with the names '' Saber'','' Fazel'', '' Taher'' and '' Sadeq''. Her mother, Fateme Um Foruze Bint Ghasem Bin Muhammad Bin Abi Bakr , was a virtuoso pious woman. Hazrat Sadeq (peace be upon him) sometimes called her '' Um Mokarame''. Imam Sadeq was wiser than his brothers and was well known all over the world. Among the scientists of Ahle Beit, it has been narrated from Jafar Sadeq (peace be upon him) more narrations. They have said that Imam Jafar Sadeq (peace be upon him) had a meeting that public and special people all over the world took part and asked him about the rules and the interpretation of Quran and no one left there without appropriate answers.
In the time of Imam Jafar Sadeq (peace be upon him), the religion of Shiite started a new stage of power and growth. That's why this school is called'' Jafari Religion''. The Shiite Religion was as an emotional love to the dynasty of the prophet (peace of Allah be upon him and his descendants) and the Shiite Religion did not expand enough before the time of Imam Jafar Sadeq (peace be upon him). Shias considered Amir Al-Momenin, Imam Ali (peace be upon him), better than the Rashedin Caliphs and the innocent Imams and were kind with the dynasty of the prophet (peace of Allah be upon him and his descendants), but they did not have scientific power in order to defend the Shiite thought. In the time of Imam Jafar Sadeq (peace be upon him), the specific interpretation of Shias from Quran and the tradition was complied with a scientific exactness and a lot of narrations were collected. In fact, Quran and the tradition were considered as the specific distinction of Shiite with other Islamic religions and differences between Shias and Sunnis were formed as a law system. It is clear that Imam Jafar Sadeq (peace be upon him) had an important role in this area and his scientific attempts helped the Shiite Religion to have its own ideas, rituals and slogans and to have its own features. Imam Sadeq (peace be upon him) spent a lot of time training narrators because narrating Hadiths was forbidden for a long time. Therefore, there are a lot of narrations from Imam Sadeq (peace be upon him); that is why the Shiite Religion is called '' Jafari''. Learning thousands Hadiths in different sciences, these narrators formed a big barrier against the deviational thoughts. Muhammad Bin Moslem learned sixteen thousand Hadiths from Imam Jafar Sadeq (peace be upon him). Hasan Bin Ali Vosha said '' I saw 900 narrators in the mosque of Kufa that narrated narrations from Jafar Bin Muhammad. Training 900 narrators was an enough number to narrate the narrations of infinite source of Imamate in different eras. Imam Sadeq (peace be upon him) trained a lot of students in order to remove doubts from the religion such as Hesham Bin Hakam, Hesham Bin Salem Momen Al-Tagh, Muhammad Bin Naman and Hamran Bin Ain that were considered scientific great personalities in his period and did valuable services. due to the political and social situation of Imam Sadeq (peace be upon him), he was under pressure by Marvani and Abasi governments in the time of his life. He convicted to be exiled even though he had not committed any crimes. However, in spite of the bothers of Abasi and Umavi, Imam Sadeq took advantage of chances and expanded and trained the Islamic sciences and the different topics with the pivot of the Islam and Quran. Since the caliphs tried to discharge Imam only with an excuse, Imam Sadeq (peace be upon him) hid his religion to keep the theological schools and the scientific assemblies that had been founded with a lot of attempt from any harm as Mansur Davaniqi, the tyrannical caliph of Abasi said '' Jafar Bin Muhammad is like bone in the throat that neither cannot be swallowed nor can be taken out. One of the greatest actions of Imam Jafar Sadeq (peace be upon him) was to form the system of Neghabat so that the Shiite scientists did not depend on the governors of era and trained the knowledgeable clergymen. The clergymen should depend on the believers in order to organize the affairs and they as the strongest religious pivot have a determining and effective role in the critical moments of the history. He trained the students with high rank in the different courses of science, Quran, morals, religion and theosophy. In the future, they became the source of benefits and good effects. One of the most important students of Imam Sadeq was Hesham Bin Hakam that was interested in science and knowledge from the beginning of his youth. He also learned all of the sciences in his time and wrote a book as valuable as the books of the philosophers of Yunnan. He studied the schools and thought and idea, but he never achieved to the satisfaction of science until his uncle introduced him to Imam Sadeq (peace be upon him) and then he was considered as the most prominent student of Imam Sadeq (peace be upon him). Imam cared about him as much as he said to him '' I express you the remarks that the messenger of God (peace of Allah be upon him and his descendants) stated to Hesan Bin Ansari '' as long as you help us with your remarks, God will constantly help you''. Imam Sadeq (peace be upon him), the prominent personality, provided the best conditions to increase knowledge and to promote the awareness of the Muslims in the time of his life. Whenever Shias followed his scientific ways, they achieved to great successes. However, whenever they interested in other schools to understand cultural, religious, political, scientific and social discussions and they became the consumers of other schools without any objections, they went awry. Abu Al-Abas Sofah, the first Abasi caliph, summoned Imam from Medina to Iraq. After he observed the science and the virtues of Imam, he could not irritate him and Imam came back Medina. However, in the era of Mansour Davaniqi, as he saw the number of the Shias of Imam, he summoned Iraq once more and wanted to kill him several times. Imam Sadeq (peace be
him) was martyred in Shawl Month in Heijrat 148 in the age of 65 because of poisoned grapes that Mansour Davaniqi gave to him. Imam the was emaciated and weak at the end of his life as much as one of his companions started crying seeing his sickness and said '' woe me; I see you in such physical condition. Imam Sadeq (peace be upon him) stated '' do not cry; what is destined for a Muslim is good destination, whether his body members are cut or he is the owner of the east and the west''. It has been narrated from Imam Musa Bin Jafar (peace be upon him) '' after my father was martyred, I buried him. I took the body of Imam to Baghei Cemetery to bury him and buried him in the vicinity of his father and grandfather.
Hazrat Abd Al-Azim Al-Hasani (peace be upon him) is one of Shiite scientists and one of narrators of the Hadith of innocent Imams (peace be upon them) and one of prominent, beloved and reliable personalities. He was one of their followers, had enough knowledge about the matters of the religion and the religious rules and the rules of Quran.
Hazrat Abd Al-Azim entered Rei as an unknown passenger and went to the house of one of Shias in the neighborhood of Sareban in Sekke Al-Mavali Valley. We should search the political and social matters in the migration of Hazrat Abd Al-Azim (peace be upon him) from Medina to Rei and his residence in the foreign countries. Abbasi Caliphs were too strict about the dynasty of the prophet (peace of Allah be upon him and his descendants) and the Shias of Imams (peace be upon them). Motevakkel was one of persons that behaved harshly and had animosity with Ahle Beit (peace be upon them). In the time of Hazrat Abd Al-Azim, he destroyed the tomb of Imam Hussein (peace be upon him) in Karbala several times and prevented from visiting the holy shrine of Imam Hussein.
The people of Sadat and Alavi were in the worst condition in his time. Hazrat Abd Al-Azim was in the trouble of the animosity of caliphs and even they decided to murder him several times. The visit of Hazrat Abd Al-Azim (peace be upon him) with Hazrat Hadi (peace be upon him) in Samara was reported to the caliph and the order of persuading and arresting him was issued. He hid himself in order to get rid of the risk of the agents. He entered the society secretly and visited different cities. Finally, he decided to live in Rei due to its social and religious condition. After a while, more people recognized him and the Shias came to his house and benefited from his sciences and narrations. They smelt the odor of the immaculate dynasty (peace be upon them) from him, considered him as a memory from the Imams and circled around him like a butterfly around a candle.
Hazrat Abd Al-Azim (peace be upon him) was an honorable person among the Shias of Rey City and undertook the responsibility of answering religious questions and solving religious problems. This emphasis not only represents the prominent personality of Hazrat Abd Al-Azim (peace be upon him), but he was also the agent of Hazrat Imam Hadi (peace be upon him) in that region. The people considered his remarks as the remarks of Imam Hadi and in worldly and religious matters, his presence was the pivot of the assembly of Shias and the center of the fans of Ahle Beit.
Hazrat Abd Al-Azim was sick in the last days of his life. The tall man that was diligent and faithful was in bed and the followers of Ahle Beit were deprived of his fruitful presence. The grief of the plights of the people and the bitter life of the Shias was really painful for him in the era of Abbasi Government. In such time, he depicted a real dream about the future events '' one of good- natured Shias saw the prophet (peace of Allah be upon him and his descendants) in his dream.
In the morning, he went to the garden in order to buy it and to have the honor of burying one of the children of the prophet (peace of Allah be upon him and his descendants). Abd Al-Jabar that had seen the same dream understood the secret of these two dreams. Therefore, he bought the place of the apple tree and the garden so that the dignitaries and the Shias could be buried there and he could achieve to the honor of burying the child of the prophet.
Hazrat Abd Al-Azim (peace be upon him) was one of Shiite scientists and the narrator of the Hadith of immaculate Imams (peace be upon them) and one of beloved and reliable personalities in the opinion of immaculate Ahle Beit ( peace be upon them) and their followers.
He passed away at the same day. The news of the decease of the prophet (peace of Allah be upon him and his descendants) informed, all of the people got informed of it, wore black garment and came around the house of Hazrat Abd Al-Azim Al-Hasani ( peace be upon him) as they were crying and mourning and they were doing ablution his body. According to the narration of some historians, when they were doing ablution his body, they found a piece of paper in the pocket of his shirt and his name and the name of his dynasty had been written on it. They prayed for his body, shouldered his coffin, held the funeral ceremony in the Al-Jabbar Garden and buried his pure body beside the apple tree that the messenger of God (peace of Allah be upon him and his descendants) had mentioned to that person in order that the dynasty of the prophet had been left for safekeeping, reflect light and the lovers of the dynasty of the prophet (peace of Allah be upon him and his descendants) can benefit from the grave of the guardian of God.
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