The decease of Hazrat Abu Taleb

Hazrat Abu Taleb (peace be upon him) is the uncle of the messenger of God (peace of Allah be upon him and his descendants), the father of Amir Al-Momenin, Imam Ali (peace be upon him). He was the successor of Abd Al-Motaleb and the greatest supporter of the prophet of the Islam (peace of Allah be upon him and his descendants). There were great successes throughout his life. He was the shelter of misery and poor people. His selflessness and rightness were his inner attributes. He was a powerful man and his selflessness and endurances can be found out only in his child, Amir Al-Momenin, in the history. The Sunni scientist, Ibn Abi Al-Hadid, says '' Abu Taleb and his father, Abd Al-Motaleb, that were the dignitaries of Ghoreish Tribe and the master of Mecca and welcome and led the people of Mecca, the migrants, the travelers of the historical city and the pilgrims of the house of God. He remembered God in each moment of his life and was the successors of Hazrat Ibrahim (peace be upon him) and the heroes of polytheism. According to the predictions of the prophets, he was waiting the prophesy of the last prophet (peace of Allah be upon him and his descendants). Hence, before the messenger of God (peace of Allah be upon him and his descendants) was born, Hazrat Abu Taleb (peace be upon him) believed in his mission. When Hazrat Fateme (peace be upon him) informed him of the birth of the prophet of the Islam and said unusual things in the time of his confinement, Abu Taleb stated '' are you surprised of such things from such a baby? You will give birth to a child that will be his minister and successor thirty years later. Abu Taleb was a faithful and powerful person and saved the prophet of the Islam from the tyranny of the polytheists of Ghoreish Tribe until the last moments of his life and had an effective role in the improvement of the Islam. In spite of his selflessness, some of biases persons behaved Abu Taleb impolitely and were doubtful about his beliefs. Thirty five years before the birth of the prophet (peace of Allah be upon him and his descendants), Abu Taleb was born in the house of Abd Al-Motaleb (Shoeibe Al-Ahmad). His mother, Fateme, was the daughter of Umarv Bin Aezben . Abu Taleb( as it is customary, the title of a person is taken from the name of the fisrt child with adding the word '' Abd'' to the beginning of the first name of a boy name and adding the word '' Om'' to the beginning of the first name of a girl) was called to this name because of the name of his older child '' Taleb'', but his real name was '' Abd Monaf''. Some imagine the meaning of this name is '' the person of idol'' As the author of the book '' Ghamus'' has said '' Monaf is the name of one of idols of the Ghoreish Tribe''. According to the immaculateness of the Imams, it is not accepted that the name of the child of idol is devoted to Hazrat Abu Taleb as Sehah Al-Laghe and Laghvin have said '' the word '' Nuf'' represents superiority. Hence, Abd Monaf means an exalted person not the child of idol.
When the messenger of God (peace of Allah be upon him and his decadents) was born, his father passed away. Hence, his grandfather '' Abd Al-Motaleb'' accepted the responsibility of bringing him up. When he was seven years old, his grandfather passed away. When Abd Al-Motaleb was about to die, he left the responsibility of bringing up the prophet (peace of Allah be upon him and his descendants) to Abu Taleb. In the culture of the Quran, faith in God and good actions are mentioned together. Wherever in Quran decent deeds are mentioned, faith in God is mentioned along with it. In fact, decent deeds reflect faith in God and inner beliefs.
وَ مَن یَأتِهِ مُؤمِناً قَد عَمِلَ الصّالِحاتِ»
Persons come to him with faith in God as he had done decent actions''.

Faith in God is an inner belief and the deeds of a Muslim are on the basis of faith in God and these actions seem decent and desirable.
«کُلٌ یَعمَلُ عَلی شاکِلَتِهِ».
Hence, from the point of view of Quran, the real personalities of persons should be found in their deeds and the reflection of their faith and according to these, we should judge about them. One of prominent persons that have had a different judge is Abu Taleb, the great father of Hazrat Ali (peace be upon him). Since he had a complex personality and his mysterious policies made some persons judge about him wrongly and they doubted about the faith of Abu Taleb . In addition, they accused him of being a polytheist. This biased group considered Abu Taleb faithless, but they also said that the parents of the messenger of God passed away when they were faithless (Nauze Bellah) and they would be sent to the hell. However, it has been said in the Islamic authentic sources several times '' none of the parents of the innocent Imams (peace be upon them) were unbeliever as Imam Ali (peace be upon him) states '' I swear God that my father and my grandfather, Abd Al-Motaleb, Hesham Bin and Abd Monaf, never worshiped idol, but they prayed toward the house of God and acted according to the religion of Hazrat Ibrahim (peace be upon him) before the Islam.
A lot of books have been written about the faith of Abu Taleb and great scientists have focused on this topic and discussed about it in an extended way. Hundreds Hadiths and positive ideas about the faith of Abu Taleb have been recorded in the Islamic sources as Alame Majlesi (may God's mercy be upon him) has analyzed this historical matter in over a hundred and fifteen pages and eighty five Hadiths and has narrated the point of views and the Sunni great sources. Moreover, the author of the book '' Al-Ghadir'' (volumes 7, 8) has narrated hundreds Hadiths from the valid sources ( Shiite and Sunni) along with the confessions of the researchers and the historians, has searched this matter over hundred and one pages and has defended the innocent personality of the history consciously. The Sunni scientist and researchers have also referred to the faith of Abu Taleb in their books sporadically and have got positive conclusions although some have not been able to ignore their animosity toward the guardianship of Imam Ali (peace be upon him) and his great father. Consequently, the faith of Abu Taleb has a historical root when the body of Abu Taleb was carried to be buried in Hojun( it is the side of a mountain in Mecca and it is known as the cemetery named '' Jante Al-Maala''. Nowadays this point is in the street and a bridge named '' Abu Taleb''. Khadije, Abd Monaf, the second grandfather of Abu Taleb and Ghasem , the first son of the prophet that deceased in his childhood, have been buried there as well. The prophet accompanied the body of Abu Taleb with his bare feet as he was crying and saying '' what a good uncle you were! Where should I go after your death?'' The famous historian, Ibn Hesham, writes '' when Abu Taleb passed away, the Ghoreish Tribe started irritating the prophet (peace of Allah be upon him and his descendants) and even a Sophie man fought with the prophet and scattered dirt on his head. When the prophet entered his house dirty head, one of his daughters ( Fateme Zahra) stood up and while dirt was falling from the clothes of his father, she was crying. The prophet said to his daughter '' O' my daughter! do not cry because God is the supporter of your father. The Ghoreish Tribe could not do actions that hurt me. (Sire Ibn Hesham v 2 p 282). Yaghubi, the famous historian, writes '' Abu taleb passed away three days after the decease of Khadije. He was eighty six years old in the time of his decease and some have said that he was ninety years old. When Abu Taleb got informed that Abu Taleb had passed away, he became terribly sad. Then he stood up and came to the house of Abu Taleb and touched his right forehead four times and his left forehead three times and said '' O' uncle! The child that you brought up and took care of an orphan (his purpose is the prophet) has grown up and you should help him''. God rewards you from my side. Then he followed his body as he was saying'' you were faithful to your allegiance perfectly and got great reward''. He also stated '' these days two terrible events have happened to this nation. I do not know for which one I am sadder''. The meaning of the prophet from these terrible events is the decease of Khadije and Abu Taleb.
after Imam Hasan (peace be upon him) left Kufa in order to fight with Moavie, he had Ubeidullah Bin Abbas with twelve thousand persons in the troop as the pioneers of the troop were accompanying him. He appointed Gheis Bin Sad and Saeid Bin Gheis as his own consultants and successors in case one of them faced to a problem, he could employ the other one. Hazrat Mojtaba (peace be upon him) determined the path of the passing of the troop and ordered to prevent from the movement of the troop of Moavie forward wherever they faced to them and to report the event to Imam Hasan ( peace be upon him) so that he could join the main troop as soon as possible.
Ubeidullah had his troop move forward with his leadership, faced to the troop of Moavie in a place named '' Maskan'' and put up tents there. After a short time, it was reported to Imam Hasan (peace be upon him) that receiving one million Dirham from Moavie, Ubeidullah along with eight thousand persons had joined him. It is completely clear that the betrayal of this commander weakened the spirit of the troop and the military situation of Imam Hasan (peace be upon him) terribly in such a critical condition. However, Gheis Bin Sad that was a brave and devout man and was faithful toward the dynasty of Amir Momenan undertook the leadership of the troop according to the order of Imam Hasan (peace be upon him) and tried to keep the spirit of the troop high with his exciting remarks. Moavie tried to deceive him with giving money to him, but he was not deceived by him and stood up against the enemies of the Islam. Not only did Moavie deceive Ubeidullah with Money, but he also spread rumors among the troop of Imam Mojtaba (peace be upon him) through his spies that Gheis Bin Sad (the commander of the troop) had reconciled with Moavie or he spread rumors among the troop of Gheis that Hussein Bin Ali (peace be upon him) had reconciled with Moavie in order to make disagreement and discord among them. Moavie sent even some of his handsome forces that were trusted by people toward Imam Hasan (peace be upon him). They visited Hazrat Mojtaba in the camping '' Madaen''. After they left the tent of Imam Hasan Mojtaba (peace be upon him), they spread rumors among the people '' God has soothed riot and has extinguished the fire of war through the child of the prophet''. Hasan Bin Ali (peace be upon him) reconciled with Moavie and saved the life of people. The people that trusted in their remarks did not try to discover truth, believed in their remarks, rioted against Imam Hasan (peace be upon him), invaded his tent , usurped whatever was in the tent, tried to murder to Imam Hasan (peace be upon him) and then dispersed . Imam Hasan (peace be upon him) moved from Madaen toward Sabat.
During the path, one of Khavarej that had hidden wounded Imam Hasan Mojtaba (peace be upon him) terribly. Imam Hasan (peace be upon him) lost a lot of blood from his body and weakened due to severe wound. He was sent to Madan through the help of his friends and followers. Moavie had the situation under his control in such a bad atmosphere. The second leader that had lost enough military forces and had been left alone accepted the suggestion of peace. Hence, Imam Hasan (peace be upon him) accepted to reconcile with Moavie because he had to as Tabari and other historians had written '' Hasan Bin Ali (peace be upon him) accepted to reconcile when his companions dispersed and left him alone. After Amir Al-Momenin (peace be upon him) was martyred, Imam Hasan Mojtaba(peace be upon him) was as alone as he prayed among his friends and companions with military clothes.