Social challenges of the Islamic Revolution in the third decade

As you saw, structural changes in the revolution (especially during 1368-76) had impact on many social factors. There is an undeniable reality behind this influence and that is profound challenges in the present and future society of Iran. In fact, the Islamic revolution necessarily leads to the challenge and in this regard the behavior of governance in updating the community, meeting the needs and appropriate responses to new content in all areas could provide new opportunities for a dynamic revolution because when we speak of the effects of structural changes we usually mean transformations that occur with modernization and this process needs a change in multiple domains of society. The effect on the system of stratification, politics, education, values, attitudes, personality, economy and other things are of the influence components of this trend. We quick will mention how the influences are in various fields.

.1 The political transformation

In politics within the renewal process, local and ethnic involvement is replaced by nationalism and holistic approach. Political participation as one of the most symbolic elements of politics enters a new phase and includes the major segments of the community. The individual feels they can contribute in the process of democratization of the society; therefore, he imposes new demands on the political system. The state will expand its functions in this case. The complexity of government in the situation demands that the various political groups move towards institutionalizing and tendency to organizing political activities will increase. Destruction is the result of such a situation. Abnormalities in the political activities system will turn into norms in forms of organizations, political parties, associations and trade unions. Political common values are emphasized rather than particularistic values . In this case, the real participation of citizens is manifested. If the political system has capacity of such demands, the society will move without towards it without acute social challenges. Otherwise, the new tendencies will cause new social and political tensions.

2. Social transformation

On the social changes associated with reconstruction we can point out criteria such as population, media, social stratification, education, population, intellectuals and others. Demographic changes, which have occurred along with modernization, include population growth and migration from rural to urban areas. In traditional society usually more than 70% of the population is engaged in agriculture, but a in modern society is urban community. During the renovation also many changes occur in social stratification and class mobility. Security (Tumin) has detected little change in a stratified society in transition.
1. The division of labor is more complex and the number of specialists is increased.
.2 there will be a trend that the dignity of persons is based on acquisition not attributable.
3. There will be a suitable mean in the center of attention for measuring the performance of those who are active in the production.
.4 The work will turn into an activity by mean aspect rather than being activity that is inherently pleasing, it means instead of being considered as a reward it will be means to achieve rewards.
5. Available rewards will increase for distribution.
6. Rewards are distributed based on a more equal basis.
7. Some changes will occur in the distribution of social validation.
8. Some changes will occur in possibility of living in different social strata.
9. Changes and similar problems will occur in the distribution of power.
Thus, we can say that in the course of modernization, middle and upper classes will expand and this foundation of appearance transformation of society.

3. The cultural change

Changes in attitudes, values and beliefs prevailed in the traditional society are a backrest in the process of modernization. The social issues in this process advance towards rationality and affect ideas and attitudes of people in society, politics and culture.
According to Max Weber we live in a world is characterized by becoming rational and intelligent, and based on the civilization the society moves towards desacralizing, becoming universal and selectivity. People in a modernizing society reject traditional authority groups and are selective relying on their own wisdom.
In other words, the process of cultural change, during the renovation is preventing emotional presence in thinking about the world; a process by which the human reaction is regulated to the human and natural environment and his and his control over those elements will increasingly be set by social and rational considerations. The new man uses his wisdom as a primary tool for understanding and controlling their lives and this is political aspect of modernization.
In terms of individual personality we can also know some changes on community: the readiness to accept new aspects, innovation, ability to formulate opinions on various issues, attitudes to ideological democracy, believing in dominating the fate, having the ability of understanding and prediction of behavior of others, faith in science and technology and belief in justice in distribution and ...
In general and based on the theories of political sociology, structural changes result in a different mental space and in this regard, the resistance to required change causes political actions. "Paul Ricoeur" explains in his theory called "Imagation" that a kind of collective consciousness, which he called "Imagation" dominates social space and constantly is subject to interpretation and change. The collective consciousness that builds infrastructure of specific cultural atmosphere will affect social behavior of individuals and it will cause developments. Governing Imagation on community's mental atmosphere becomes more influence due to structural changes, and is reconsidered like a text. These conditions can be known in accordance with the atmosphere of our community by further research that the possibility to review it at different times due to the young population is very high.
But "Tedgar" in his "relative focus theory" emphasizes on the fact that relative deprivation is departure point for celebrating movements"; he knows relative deprivation as " agent understanding of the difference between the value potentials and expectations", in other words, relative deprivation is out of the difference between legitimate expectations and the realities of the world. "Gar" divided values into three categories: wealth, power and prestige; then builds his theory on the concept of relative deprivation as independent variable and combines other social and political conditions with it as dependent variables and concludes a variety of political behaviors from it.
Although political researchers have criticized the theory of relative deprivation, "Gar" believes that the relative deprivation is reason of civil conflicts. Although other factors such as legitimacy and social ease may also enter this formula, he believes that the countries that face modernization quickly are the most vulnerable countries to establish political action, and if people feel that they should make changes value in their political and value system, but these changes are not made, they are prone to social and political action.

Conclusion

What was said is just a glance at the political and cultural challenges in the third decade of the Islamic Revolution. Detailed examination of it needed more time, of course, our revolution will face obstacles and even successes in the field of economic and other indicators of social issues in the coming years and a deep understanding of the root of the changes could turn all facing issues into successful and dynamic institutions. The world today requires especial needs and requirements and updating political, social and cultural behaviors could be the biggest and the most effective way to deal with future challenges.
In the present article some roots were referred. Undoubtedly, there will be structural changes in these areas in the coming years and necessarily will face the community with new problems, but what happened in the past 10 years will reveal in the next 10 years. However, the element of increase population element and entry of young people to society with new demands is a fact and we should have modern planning for this important issue in all areas in the third decade.
Young population is not a negative thing, but if suitable labor market and meeting their political and cultural demands are not in the agenda, of course, young people will be a serious threat to the future of the revolution. I believe the youth of our country, who form the second generation of the revolution, still believe that the Islamic Revolution and the Islamic Republic of Iran can respond to their spiritual and material needs, but weakness in management and lack of organization of affairs has caused abnormalities in society. This benevolent attitude should seriously be considered.
Young people also play an active role in the process of "political decision". Channeling demands through civil institutions and independent press can reduced the country's political problems and organize them in future.