Israel's national security strategy after the victory of Islamic Revolution

Abstract:
The Islamic Revolution in Iran and cutting ties with Israel in 1978 naturally caused a fundamental change in the security environment in the Middle East region. In general policies of the Islamic Republic toward Israel can be summarized in four periods and then Israeli security strategies for these policies can be evaluated.
Israel's national security strategy after the victory of Islamic Revolution
Iran and Israel were two allies during the Pahlavi era in the Middle East. Relationship based on strategic cooperation between the two countries had formed a particular security environment in the Middle East. On the one hand, Israel could save itself by working with Iran and getting out of blockade of Arabic countries and regional isolation and it could enjoy economic interests, especially oil imports from Iran; on the other hand, through cooperation with Israel, Iran managed to deal with Soviet's threat and the radicalism of the Arabs. In addition, the Shah of Iran in alliance with Israel had some political, economic, and security considerations as well. The Islamic Revolution in Iran and cutting ties with Israel in 1978 naturally caused a fundamental change in the security environment in the Middle East region. The country which had cooperative relations with Israel until yesterday now had an Islamic state which not only was opposed to Israel but it believed that the regime has no legitimacy and should be destroyed. (Haji-Yousefi, 1382, p. 199) after the victory of Islamic Revolution of Iran, Israel's national security strategy in the external dimension was influenced by policies adopted by the Iranian government and reflections of the Islamic Revolution against Israel. As it was stated, after the Islamic Revolution, Iran and Israel became two hostile rather than allies countries.
Although initially Zionist regime thought optimistically that the Islamic Republic would not last and the relations between the two countries will be restored as natural allies, but the hostile relations between the two countries have lasted since 1979 (Haji-Yousefi, 1382, p. 206). In general adopted policies of the Islamic Republic toward Israel can be summarized in four periods and then Israeli security strategies for these policies can be evaluated.
1. The First period: the victory of the Islamic Revolution till imposed war (1357-1359)
2. The Second period: from imposed war to adopting the resolution (1359-1367 (
3. The Third period: Iran's active presence era in foreign policy (1367-1384)
4. The fourth period: sharp contrast with the nature of the Zionist regime (since 1384 till now).
1. The First period: the Islamic Revolution till imposed war (1357-1359):
The Islamic Revolution was beginner of a resurgence of Islam in the Middle East and one of the most important slogans of it was anti-Israel ones. In other words Iran's hostility with Israel and the Islamic Republic belief was based on the need to fight against Israel until its destruction to be one of the main slogans of Islamic fundamentalism in the anti-Israel region. (Haji-Yousefi, 1382, p. 208) For this purpose, first by questioning the legitimacy of the regime and calling it fake and then by raising the fact that the Palestinian issue is an Islamic issue and not Arabic one, it called to form a front to fight with Israel. At this time the Israeli security strategy was formed to destroy the Islamic and inclusive Front and legitimize their existence. Signing Camp David treaty between Israel and Egypt in 1979 collapsed the walls of isolation and hostility that the Arabs had built around Israel since its founding in 1948 (Nasieh: 1381, p. 47).
2. The Second period: from compelled war till adopting the resolution (1359-1367):
Characteristic of the Islamic Republic's policies in this period is against the Zionist regime and strong attention and support for the Islamic resistance movements against Israel in Palestine and Lebanon. Islamic Revolution in Iran solved the problem of being anonymous at the scene of anti-Zionist fights and the emergence of Islamic resistance of Palestine and Islamic Jihad Organization and Hezbollah in Lebanon and the deployment of the Islamic orientations instead of nationalist PLO's thinking and the creation of Fatah organization, anti-Zionism fights around Islam among Palestinians based in the occupied territories found a new form and a new activation occurred among Palestinian refugees (Basij, 1381, p. 101).
In addition, according to the invasions of Israel to south Lebanon in 1980, entry to the limited military sphere was also on the agenda of the Islamic Republic that e project remained dormant after analysis. In contrast, during this period the policy of permanent readiness for war was in Israel's security policy agenda. One of the assumptions of security policy makers in Israel has been the point that the great powers will use diplomatic pressures or the threat of direct intervention to end the war before the victory (Neda) and worse than that after Arab militants reached their war aims. As a result, they knew it necessary to win in the wars quickly. Despite the attempts to strike fast and repressively, Israeli military leaders did not think the likelihood of getting a victory is absolutely decisive in their actions. On the contrary, they hoped that the overall emphasis of limited but clear victories in battle will finally convince their rivals and enemies for Israel's right. When the guns and violence were considered as an integral, material and reveal part of Israel's Jewish culture, militarism became a normal factor in Israeli society (Lotfi, 1382, p. 4).
3. The Third period: Iran's active presence in foreign policy (1367-1384):
After accepting the resolution, the Islamic Republic was trying to change its foreign policy and move towards anti-tension and negotiation with international countries. The principle of this policy is based on the assumption that Iran has very sensitive and ancient historical and geopolitical position and several thousand years of civilization so it has to find its rightful historical place as regional and global actor. Policy of anti-tension through dialogue and understanding is a realistic view and in a world full of conflict it can still provide national interests at different economic and social and cultural levels. (Solomon, 1384, p. 51).