European tyranny and court Jews (3)

Wealth and power of Popper family was also achieved in this period and in link with the Habsburg dynasty:
The first person we know from the family is Wolf Popper Bozian (d. 1625), who was staying in Krakow. His father, Israel Gershon Cohen, as his name suggests, belonged to the Cohen family. He was of the Jews who emigrated to Trzęsiny in the late fifteenth century. His mother is from aristocratic Jewish family Landau that some prominent rabbis and Cabbalists have raised from it.
In the early seventeenth century, Wolf Popper was known as the rich man of city of Cracow. His career was clothing imports, especially from Cologne, and usury in different cities of Poland. Jewish oligarch great wealth and the accumulation ways of the wealth provoked reaction of the people. Sebastian Michensky, professor of philosophy at the University of Cracow, in an essay called The Mirror of the Kingdom of Poland, reviews the status of people and knows the Jewish people as the main cause of misery of them. This treatise was banned on the orders of Sigismund III, King of Poland; nevertheless, it was secretly released times and times as well. In the thesis, Michensky has identified Popper as a good example of a bloodthirsty Jew. According to him, Popper has seven shops in the city, and cooperates in many other cities and has a fortune more than 300 thousand zlotys.
Wolf Popper was not the only member of the wealthy family in the first half of the seventeenth century. At the same time, Popper brothers had large textile factories along with some family members of other Jewish plutocracy such as Gompers in Brno city. A little later, we find Poppers like Gompers among "the court Jews"; Gompers in Germany and Poppers in Bohemia.
Around the half of the eighteenth century, we see another Wolf Popper that holds the presidency of the Bohemian Jews. Bohemia at this time had about 29 thousand Jewish inhabitants, and it suggests the Wolf Popper's importance and wealth. For this reason, in 1749, Frantz I, Emperor of the Holy Roman and the husband of Marie Therese, appointed Popper in the charge of tax collection of Bohemia country. Popper was in the position for 18 years. Czech land and German population of Bohemia was a populous country, and accordingly, we can imagine the scope of authority and wealth of Wolf Popper.
Son of Wolf Popper called Haim Popper (1720-1795), was established in Prague. He was of city merchants and money-changers, and with his partners, he also had the monopoly of tobacco business. In 1775, he succeeded his father and was placed in the charge of tax collection of Bohemia. In 1790, Leopold II, the son of Marie Therese and the Hungarian Kingdom of Bohemia and Holy Roman Empire (1790-1792), granted him the title of "Popper's aristocratic Elder fan". Yuashim Popper withdrew his position as curator of taxation of country Bohemia shortly before his death in 1792.
In the late nineteenth century, several members of the Popper family were stationed in Bucharest and Vienna and United States of America and some of them turned to academic professions. Their most famous ones in the early twentieth century was Joseph Popper (1838-1921). He finished his university studies at the University of Prague and then settled in Vienna. Joseph Popper was known as a science figure in the fields of mechanics and physics. William Popper (1874-1963) was of America's leading Orientalists, and had the following positions: professor of Semitic languages at Columbia University, deputy editor of the Jewish Encyclopedia (printed in America), and chairman of the Department of Oriental Studies of New York public Library. Sir Karl Popper Raymond (1902-1996) is writer and political ideation and the most famous face of the family in the second half of the twentieth century.
Central European land that today in an important part of it Germany and Austria are set is the home of people who are named "Germans". In the past, they were tribes that lived in the East of the Rhine and were called as Teuton. The name of above tribes was first mentioned in the first century BC and was recorded in Roman sources tribes introduced as "barbarians". The name of some of these tribes is as follows: (Germany), Soyo, Lombard, Vandals, Ostrogoths, Visigot, Katie, Engels, and Saxon.
In the first AD centuries, the tribes migrated to the territory of the Roman Empire and gradually established their large and small local governments.
Visigots are the tribes that seized Iberian Peninsula after the collapse of the Roman Empire in 415 AD, and were eventually expelled from the land by the Muslims.
Engels and Saxon tribes (whose name first appears in the second century AD in historical sources) attacked the British islands in the fifth century AD and established their small states on this land. From their combination with the inhabitants of Celtic of this land, Anglo-Saxon people were created. This is the name that now refers to the inhabitants of the United Kingdom and United States of America. "English" is also derived from the name of the tribe Engels. Anglo-Saxons converted to Christianity in the seventh AD century.
In the seventeenth century, Habsburg monarchy was based in Austrian, Hungarian and Bohemian - that constituted the eastern lands of the Holy Roman Empire. North and northeast of the area on the edge of the Baltic Sea is known as Prussia and its most important city was Berlin.
This country was in the Kingdom of Poland until the sixteenth century and was controlled by local landed gentry (Junkers). At this time, the German Hohenzollern dynasty took over rule of the region. In 1701, one of the family members named him as "Prussian King" and was crowned as Frederick I.
house of Hohenzollern (= the children of zollern) go back to Kent Zollern, one of the commanders of Charlemagne. They were in fact the rulers in Schwaben area in the West of the Rhine, and their settlement was in the castle Hohenzollern. Schwaben's residents were combination of two German and Souy tribes.
During this period, western and north-western parts of central Europe were dominated by small local governments. In the eighteenth century, the Austrian Empire and the Kingdom of Prussia developed their own territory and an important part of Central Europe was divided between the two sovereign states of Austria (in the south) and Prussia (in the north).
In the first half of the nineteenth century (1815-1845), according to the structure formed by the fronts of anti-Napoleonic powers in Congress of Vienna, German lands of Europe consisted of an empire (Austria), five kingdoms, eight Grand Duchy and ten small Duchy. The names of these states are as follows:
Kingdom: The Prussian, Hannover, Bavaria, Saxony, and Württemberg.
Great Duchy: Hesse Kassel, Hesse Darmstadt, Baden, Luxembourg, Mecklenburg-Schwerin, Mecklenburg Asterlitz, Oldenburg, Saxony-Weimar.
Small Duchy: Brunswick, Holstein, Naso, Saxony, Altenburg, Saxony-Hildburghausen, Saxe - Coburg – Gotha, Sax Meiningen, Anhalt Dosso, Anhalt Kothny, Anhalt Bernburg.
Rulers of big Duchy were called Grand Duke, and the rulers of small Duchy were called small Duke. In 1871, the Prussian royal family established its dominance over the small German states and established Germany.
In our study, among the ruling houses of Germany, the House of Hanover and Saxony are more important because of their connection with Great Britain's colonial empire and global oligarchy.
Duke of Hanover dynasty ruled the area since 1235 AD located in the northwest of Germany. Duke Ernest Augustus, ruler of Hanover (1679-1698), married to Sophia, granddaughter of King James I (1603-1625), and their son, George I, was King of England (1714-1727). However, he was also King of Hanover. This tradition continued until Victorian times. George II (1727-1760), George III (1760-1820), George IV (1820-1830) and William IV (1830-1837), the next kings of England, were the kings of Hanover at the same time as well.
With the ascent to the throne of Queen Victoria of England (1837-1901) since the traditions of the Hanover country women were forbidden from kingdom, brother William IV, Ernest Augustus (Duke Kemberland), took over the kingdom of Hanover (1837-1851). Edward VII, son of Victoria did not come to the throne of Hanover neither because from his father's side, he belonged to family German Saxe - Coburg. With the annexation of the Hannover territory to the State of Prussia (September 1866), the mentioned dynasty ended over the region.
Duke of Saxony is a popular title applied for family members of Withney. They seized Saxony and neighboring regions of it in fifteenth century, and their government was based. In the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries, the land was divided among the members of mentioned family and small Duchy were emerged that one of them is Sax- Coburg - Gotha.
In the years 1826-1844, ruler of the region was Ernest the first called the King of Saxony. His sister married with the royal family of Hanover / England. She is mother of Queen Victoria. In June 1831, following riots in Belgium and the fall of the House of Orange in the territory, Brother Ernest, named Leopold, became the King of Belgium. First Ernest's son, Albert, married her cousin, Victoria, the next Queen of England in February 1840. Edward VII, King of England, is the result of this marriage. Thus, since the time of Edward VII, British royal family was renamed from Hanover to Sax - Coburg.
In July 1917, three years after the start of World War I, King George V of England (1910-1927), banned using any German names and titles in the British royal family to prove his "nationalization" spirit and changed his family name to Windsor. Windsor is the name of old Castle of England's kings. From now on, the British royal family of the House was called Windsor. However, this does not mean the end of German bonds of the family. German-born of the British royal family is not surprising because the British nation is descended from German immigrants of Engels and Saxon tribes. منبع مقاله :
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