Islamic revolution and tendency to Technocracy

Using individualism and Western science to isolate scholars
Abstract
In this paper the authority of western science on Islamic communities and accepting it by the intellectuals and the Muslim technicians, has been presented as a threat to the culture and the religion of Islamic communities as well as a abandon of Islamic concepts. Western culture developed in domain of anthropology and theology in Christianity and established at the beginning of the 17th century to overcome Muslims, in the era of colonization and after that this movement was kept in a global scale. Islamic Revolution that was a starting point for renewal of Muslims' power, one of the serious reflections raised against it, was resorting to science. In this policy ,to isolate religious scholars and stopping the movement of Islamic renewal, technocrats and Muslim experts who don’t have enough expertise in Islamic science and are interested in science and technology of the west , supporting as new and deserved leaders of Islamic community. The authority of scientism in Muslim communities and even among the religious leaders and scholars (as if they consider western science impartial and separate from western culture) helps to this authority. There is a movement that we should warn the Muslims for its dangerous outcomes as well as its imperialistic tricks. The huge Islamic revolution of Iran created chains of reactions throughout the world which stimulated many waves and anti waves that each one helped outburst of such revolution. These tendencies whether severely or differently, may be most of them immeasurable, has affected the Muslims. The result of this revolution is making tendencies which have been registered, and investigating them is more difficult. One of these tendencies is related to the relation between leader and science. A recent warning propensity is a crawling phenomenon in the United State that, there, since the revolution most of Muslim technocrats have been placed in the position of leadership and authorities of Muslim population. These technocrats consisted of medical groups of experts and engineers therefore, Nearly, all of them were immigrants from different Islamic countries and committedly dependent on the governing system of western science and the Europe in fact, they are culturally Muslim but, don't have enough knowledge regarding Islamic science. These Muslims technocrats claiming leadership of their own community locally and nationally and by their financial abilities, has controlled the mosques and religious schools and sponsored holding different ceremonies, camps and doubtful religious propagandas . They convey their dominant views regarding all topics especially those which is far away from their expertise such as policy, economy, law and religion. Most of them have written books regarding Islam and even sometimes, they were reading the sermon defined for Friday's pray so, by such treatments, they necessitate the leadership of Muslims for themselves and this is dangerous enough henceforth, These technocrats are known as reliable figures by imperialistic centers of power or post imperialism. Most of their prestige and credit is because of a respect that dominant government and culture granted them for their limited knowledge and give them such power so that they comment regarding whatever they want. This problem, there is in all thinking schools of Islam whether it is Shia, Sonia or Sufi uncontrollably as well as severely. The difference is just that in some sects , these technocrats are attracted by political and religious schools while, in other cases, has imposed themselves and are financially independent in other word, due to the considerable resources they had, they were living as lords and aristocrats . Although it may looks that these designated technocrats promoted due to their financial abilities, we must say that it is not the reason for their promotion and there are other factors which relates to their education. A number of these chosen technocrats, often, have come from the colonized Islamic countries and their dynasty of thoughts and economy reflect analyzed definition by European imperialism on their educational system. Since to have qualification for leadership, a high university degree is required, you can seldom find a well- to –do trader among them unless, he is expertise. This new leadership is consisted of most of the Muslim community in the United State, and a part is through the world, which aim to replace the European technocrats harnessed by the west, to the Islamic scholars . Since the effective role of the scholars' leadership in Islamic Revolution and other resisting movements were exposed ,as result, the plan of demoralizing traditional and committed scholars regarding western policy were handed by the west as a requirement. This policy has repeatedly reported by American foreign policy and some of them assigned by the companies and other economical and political consultative of the USA and RAND of Israel including university public and the public itself through an obvious policy . The goal of this policy is isolating religious scholars in merely religious situations and this is an honor because, even in the best situations, religious scholars are a threat to the west. In the specific situation of Iran, the religious scholars were considered as religion seeds. Generally, scholars in all courses of time and places and even, sometime the scholars who helped the kings were not reliable from the view points of imperialistic forces. In short, the so-called Muslim technocrats, whether know or not, has been ridded on so, something wonderful is that in most cases neither scholars nor technocrats are capable to understand mutual dependency which exists in this regard. Often, this respect is symbolic. The scholars respect the technocrats because they are investigating in through the God's signs and technocrats respect scholars as their religious leaders but, in terms of ration and logic, these two groups are not comparable. The tendency to technocrats has been simplified with many changes in the new Islamic history on the other hand, the ruling of technocrats in many cases by a limited understanding and colonization is often wrongly perceived. Respect and caring of the Muslims regarding science is because of the Holy Quran's teachings in which Great God invites his slaves to contemplate regarding the signs of the creation. But, nowadays it seems that there is too much ambiguities regarding used definitions and expressions in the scientific thoughts of the new Muslims. Usually, when new expressions and definitions appear in a specific language is laden with implied meaning and when these words are translated from their origin language to another, it is more likely to lose its correct meaning. The literal meaning of a word is not its implied meaning so, the word and translated definition may be vague, ambiguous or deviating. Mostly, the Arabic word "knowledge" should not be translated in English word science because the goal of Holy Quran is something different from what 'science" conveys in English. In English it meant as ideal, and science is an English concept and has special etymology which is the result of a historical period from civilization of the Europe. Recently, the Muslims used these two words as equivalent. In fact, the verse of Holy Quran and the Hadiths which values the knowledge and scholars has no relation or connection with scholars, technocrats and today's Muslims as physicians, genetic experts, engineers, physicist or any of the western experts. Under the condition that above mentioned ambiguity has become fixed, these subjects avoided. From view point of epistemology the European based science, as supernatural one, is categorically seen as an individual necessity. From Islamic point of view and Quran, scientists usually discuss about science without being aware of the trap behind this trick which is not in accordance with Islam. The scholars' occupation is more restricted to legal and illegal sanction as well as their religious reference. Didactically, the scholar's knowledge does not contain the Europe-oriented science. These sanctions they gave are not probably based on their first class knowledge and their direct learning in specific domain but, the information of technocrats. At the moment, the scientists and religious references may not be able to have any conclusion regarding western science, because they have not been well trained in this domain to be able to have a true understanding of studding subject. The nature of the recent knowledge necessitates that the person who is talented with top skills and expertise is to the extent that he can have a true understanding of studding subject. The scholars, to formulize their declarations, relying on the experts that are culturally Muslim and unfortunately, and neither do they have any skill regarding Islamic science nor epistemology , social and cultural history of the West deserves it in the other word, this situation means separation of science and religion and it is exactly the point that is very controversial. A technocrats Muslim, first, must be familiarized with Islamic Science rather than educating in a university or abroad to gain non- Islamic science so that he has a criterion to measure everything. In this regard, the topics such as out-womb pregnancy or visioning substances were possible to be investigated with lesser doubt. High tendency, in USA, may be related to political issues and gender studies but, in the Islamic countries degrading scientists and religious figures have more straight derivations and nasty implication. Today, insistently, it is imagined that national and international powers depend on implementation of science and technology thus, In a world of intensely materialism, this is a criterion which by , a nation in the family of ultramodern is categorized . Simultaneously, the Muslim by insistence, believing that it is necessary they imitate this knowledge and technology so that they can get ride of these problems and miseries in order to keep up with this fast moving circle . The Muslims, habitually have discontented their faults and they are complaining their lagging about this issues. The belief is that reconciliation of Islam and western science and technology able the Muslims to have upper hand in leadership of the world. Recently, the in and out waves powerfully attracting the Muslims to Western science and technology so, From foreign point of view , the European-oriented powers ,at the moment, are speeding up internalizing science trading to achieve their political and economical goals . While, all countries are not able to attend in military competition, nearly all of them can have a share in science and technology nevertheless; the national, scientific and technological abilities are often replaced international weapon armament and have created an open militarism. From internal point of view the sever urgency by Islamic countries for developing dependency is a mixture of all aspects of the government , public and private life with knowledge and technology of the European oriented technology . This pressure by the Islamic technocrats, who were trained in the west, while loyal to their methodology, is intensified. On the condition that this job is done by less caring about idealism, philosophy and secret views of these technologies, special outcomes, sometimes is secret, but always show religiously, culturally, and politically the dependency of the Muslim to the western knowledge . The Muslim's dependency to the science and technology is a most complicated subject. This charming is more going around sets of uninvestigated hypothesis. Despite the ambiguity mentioned above, one of the other myths is that science and technology of the west and the Europe are the goods which lack base value. The Muslims believe that they can derivate these two item and along with Islamic values and Islamic trends use it. The best Islamic minds with most of their capacity have attempted to learn how they can import science and technology but up to now, they have just been the receiver. In all areas that they have been succeeded, are helping the west to use their technical teachings or return to their own countries with a new type of dominant talent. This failure is neither because of manual forces nor their learning but, due to lack of universality of this trade with Islam and in other word, it is because the Muslim feels that they are not only even unable to explain trading history of western cultural foundation but also, their ideas. The Muslims think that the western European-based is like a huge pot that all the sciences of ancient great civilization have poured in it , melted and as result, the resulted science and technology is the climax of all the past achievements such as Islamic Revolution . They are also certain that this is just European-oriented civilization which endows such excellent intelligence and enable it to gain such rank in science and technology. The European based science and technology have usually been selective and advocate of a specific and methodological ideal. The separation of science, technology and religion is an uninvestigated hypothesis. It is unclearly understood that science and Christianity are in permanent disagreement and never come to agreement but, close observations show that western science is the Christian Science. Historically, the development of western science and technology is exactly speeded up when this science and technology had a religious phase in the 9th century. now it is required to be pointed that in any civilization, the science is polished with its religion but, whatever had happened during Islamic civilization was that Muslim had thrown their indigenous science and technology in the direction of their life and latter, exactly, in their heydays of talent, by urging their optimistic scholars such as Abdeh, Afgani and Kavakebi ,joined the flow of Christianity . The western science and technology has originated from millennium - Christian sects and ascribed based on prophesy of Bible in 12th century. The multi-conversion Belief to Christianity is based on the Christian triad of father, son and Holy soul and also believing in the ancient sovereignty of Christianity, Jesus and a group of the Saints. This is the definition of "millennium" ,its Christian definition, is " the western science and technology is in its fading stage and considered as a way to achieve happiness ,and represents human authority on earthy paradise . This kind of science since its acceptance, has applied its equipment to help political and economical benefits of the church. The surge of trading in Europe is in its military equipment in fact, most of this trading developed especially opposing Islamic civilization. On that time, large amounts of the church's attempts centered on prohibition of Islam's extension and overcoming the Muslims henceforth, it is in the field that life and Raymond lees' prophesy is considerable for the Muslims. In the 13th, Louli who was a monk , physician and astronomer from Franciscan and known because of his knowledge in chemistry and metal science ,was convinced to use his knowledge to overcome Arabs and convert Muslims to Christianity . This event was coincided with the era of discovery in which the church called the science and mechanical arts to help Christophe Clomb and preaching goals of the church and more than that economical ones, so that it can find a replacing way to the Middle Asia and , in fact, . deceives the Muslims. A measurement, undoubtedly, regarding the scientific and technological attempts of 20th century shows that technology and religion has never been separable and never been in contact with each other in fact, any progression ,under the name of Christianity , has been formed in accordance with their multiplicity . Most of the geniuses, by loyalty converted to Christianity and Jew which claimed the role of God for themselves and called them partner of God. Any origin and trace returns back to 17th century where the starting points of scientific developments of the west ,in connecting Christian thought, is found by scientific individualism . The ambiguity which has surrounded mythic war between science and Christianity was in 17th century, deliberately separated God from the nature and man that created like God, was bestowed a kind of divinity and master over the nature. Thus, in Christianity and Western civilization, humans in general, regardless of the nature is numbered as God's partner While in Islam, the accounted apart from God , and part of the nature and the creation. Although some things changed compared to the time of Louli, and on the other side, church no longer has its own apparent power nevertheless, The Muslims, no longer had their strong political entity that kept Europe in its place But, the role of Western science as a mechanism of colonial power, has continued uninterrupted up to now . Combining science and community has increased over the years and affected all the social aspects. Non-Western countries increasingly find that their dependence on Western science and technology for internal purposes as well as external ones has increasingly spread. Increasing this dependency in growing of international collaboration of scientists in the wrong international direction has had many political implications. They Used Scientists to help advancing the foreign policy objectives after the Second World War And since then the issue has become a tool in Western foreign policies. The Western visionary politician considered science policy as the second option. Since 1949, the US Department has established very close relations with scientists so, a committee of distinguished scientists and engineers, by the Secretary of State, formed to determine the point that how scientific advances may potentially have a role in shaping foreign policy as well as managing foreign relations . Henry Kissinger is one of the most important figures in science and technology achievements in foreign policy. Recently, the Carnegie Corporation of New York which has funded research programs studied the Scientists' role in reducing international conflicts and aid to peaceful efforts by West meditation. To achieve the goal of "science policy ", the club of natural scientists, including physicists, chemists, biologists and mathematicians and in field of experts in medical and social scientists, such as economists, psychologists and political scientists is formed . This scientific communities, based on a "collective mind", and the constellation of beliefs, values and shared technics among their members together, united. They believe in their myths and one of which is that they lack basic value. Scientists also think that they believed in their high intelligence, curiosity, intellectual flexibility and complexity can also be expanded in every field of humanism so, this discrete sense of superiority, by this communities and its formal Institutions is facilitated , intensified and considered the intellectual as their selective elites and granted them a high social states. The specialized nature of science and technology to a designated minority group within the community of scientists, who were, in fact, the scientific policy makers, allowed managing the larger part of the population and using financial resources for their purposes. The top scientists, as high rank consultants, provided analysis, assessments and criticism which were based on their individualistic and technical training. That is exactly the logic called the scientific method, which the West believes is the best tool in scientific culture. The Scientists' loyalty to this method is an abstraction that off its closed world is not easily explainable and understandable. Rationality was born in the seventeenth century, when the fathers of Western science of new Europe, stated a unique methodology for their science. This methodology, to a large amount, is different from non-Western civilization methodologies so, this methodology is based exclusively on the design of a mechanical nature, mathematical reconstruction – like of natural phenomena and emptying natural world of celestial forces of nature and spirituality. This approach relies heavily on the dualism of mind, the mind's abstract from body and known from unknown then, this European-based methodology mechanically united with wisdom itself and absolute truth. This methodology was considered as the only magnify glass by which the observation and study of the nature became possible while, all of the other thinking methods were considered unknown and as non- logical methods. Regarding this issue, the puzzle that the Muslims might contemplate to solve, is that how the west of European based can be regarded as a friend or enemy? What benefits for the European-based west might giving science and technology to the people and other civilizations that the west has continuously worked to destroy them for thousands of years. How can it be possible that Chisingier and RAND companies to be the Muslim's enemies while giving them modern science and technology? This is exactly due to changing loyalty that the west following by its recent development, besides its reward is fixing cultural science and its implication among the designated elites of the Muslims. Scientific implication makes the foundation of understanding framework and serves western culture and follows permanent imperialism. But, is there some thing interesting in this logical culture that attracts a wise Muslim? And what does prepare them psychologically before adoption? How are they preparing to embrace it? Answering these questions are to some extent difficult and is not possible without refrying to more correct Islamic concepts but now, if I want to use a good expression of " Malek ebn Nabi" in his book naming " Islam in history and society" I must say that this is what he called it the " accepting of colonization " by Islamic intellectuals, and made them to be influenced and willing by western logic while keeping them unaware about its influences. The claiming of rationalism in this culture , unconsciously has changed Muslims and gradually separated their sense of loyalty toward political challenges and most of the likely problems for them Islamic movement might have. The communications and scholars' networks made possible cooperative sharing with Zionist's scholars and Israel for the Islamic scientists who trained in the west and working. This, on the other side, have better interaction and results mutual analysis which can effectively, in the beginning of political consensus among the scholars of other countries, being used and this is exactly the method by which Israel's Esloomian's agreement and Salaf were the result . The European- based rationalism forms the believing system of Enharin which is not in accordance with Islam. This rationalism, nearly, controls all the persons' thoughts and irrecoverably, programs it again, changes its loyalty and being replaced by any indigenous believing system. Those Muslims trained by this method, have to leave their Islamic universality and thoughts therefore, their Islam become a traditional one. They unconsciously suffer from doubt, perplexity and dual loyalty that perhaps is never reconcilable so, this reason, has wasted the best Muslims' facilities, conditioned and then constrained them. Rationalism is the same impartiality that the West has defined and claiming to have it and the Muslim should not misunderstand it with "right". The reason behind it, is a democracy and the rationality that made The United States support those students who rebelled, ,in Tiananmen Square, not Iranian students who had revolted against the tyranny of the King so, This is exactly the conceptual division between technocrats and "scholars". This is intrinsic nature of Western science and technology that does not allow them and their functions to enter a places other than their native one this nature does not allow them to be desperate from their Christianity, aspirations and cultures that have been grown up in it. To be producer in this field as well as receiver of full benefit, the person must accept the worldview which the science and technology created at the beginning. Hence without the acceptance of that ideology created the Islamic revolution, we can not create such revolution. Modern Muslims, unfortunately, are unable to understand the way Western European- based science emerged and as result, are not able to assess the impact of commitment to them. On the conditions in which the Muslim has been among them, divided into groups, sects and thinking schools are unaware of this fact that all of them are united in their fidelity to the Western science which is incomparable with Islam. Wonderfully, while most of western scientist and scholars have learned about the shortcoming of this knowledge, Muslims are completely unaware of their open faithfulness to the new western assumptions embodied in the thinking and the scientific method. Often they just sigh and groan about their past and present which is in front of them and now, due to the ability to learn a western spoken language even if do not understand it, have been abolished. Western science, involves Western culture and by definition, Western science means entering into the western culture. Many critical historians of the West have clearly shown that these two are inseparable from each other without hesitation. So it seems to be obligatory to the Muslims to have carefully and seriously considered such criticism while, as far as possible, Western science and technology has changed the way of human civilization to the extent which is returnable . Islamic leaders who seek their future identity and independence in Western science and technology, must be cautious that in case, do not trap themselves and their people in the new issue of Christian colonization. The Muslims seeking to right must be ensured that Western science and technology not to be a right word sold them as false.