Muslims’ unity from the view point of Hazrat Imam Khomeini

In this paper, throughout a sociological approach, the Muslims’ religious solidarity was investigated from the view point of Imam Khomeini, as a fair religious thinker and reformer, also, with regard to the evolution and development of human society and the increasing globalization (Globalization) the increasing affairs due to the collapse of the dominant culture and subcultures within the armed and dominant culture and, the need for the unity of Muslims and their identity universally and by resorting to some thoughts of Imam Khomeini has been stated. The unity in this approach is generalized based on an acceptance of unity as well as faith and internal commitment. The more people and religious groups get closer to the “ummah” their stratification interests and limiting oscillations is reduced. How to gain this achievement with attainment of cognitive and normative consensus, the relative independence of theoretical and practical areas of Islamic sects, creating conditions for knowledge and value management agreements and conflicts, removing discrimination between religious brothers, respecting to international organizations and the positions of the statement have also been considered possible. At the end, it has been proposed that due to beginning of 2000 and celebration of Christianity, in consultation with Muslim scholars the Joint universal Declaration of religious identity based on the idea that we are Muslims, is being published.
Introduction;
from the perspective of the sociological concept of solidarity and unity from one group to another one and from time to time varies. Something that is known as the main similarities and in culture and society and what is called behavioral rules in the form of beliefs, values and symbols is determined by historical evolution and gradual changing society. A kind of solidarity based on a type of communication links and network relationship of communities are determined and its main setting is the happening of mutual action of the groups. When the speech of religious unity and solidarity is made, the level of analysis is much broader than a traditional or particular cultural community. Religious beliefs, as one of the main foundations of cultural resources are not limited to scope and the culture of the nations and in fact, are based on beliefs and values and special symbols that lies upper than social phenomena. In the thoughts of Hazrat Imam, the concept of community is general and more universal than Muslims’ gathering and involves the type of man and whole Islamic community nevertheless, according to his view as a social and religious reformer the pattern of utopia is the same Islamic community. The development of Islamic community involves all those that believe that Islam as the most complete divine religion has been sent to Mohammad (Peace be upon) and contains principals that brings about guidance and happiness of this world and the last world for true believers. In this basic definition the community is a kind of belief and shared vision of society that the main audience in each group, nation, race and the tribe understands it and feels a kind of belonging to it.
The concept of Islamic unity in the thoughts of Hazrat Imam:
In the thoughts of Hazrat Imam, the Islamic unity contains a type of cognitive accordance which have divine origin and in the book and the tradition its norm-based samples and behavioral has been prepared in theoretical and practical dimension. Such unity is because of emotional energy, effort and mutual trust of the individuals and the groups that the religious, as a goal, causes power, reforming agent, development and does as an obstacle to corruption. One of the great goals of the great Holy prophets that in addition to, by itself, it is an independent concept, it can be a means of development for great achievements and means of involvement in forming utopia in fact, it is unity of the word and creed and gathering in all the cases and preventing the oppressions of the oppressors which just happened by removing the corruption done by human and leads to destroying of utopia. And this great end which is the social and individualistic reformer is not achieved unless, under the shadow of universal unity, solidarity, brotherhood, internal honesty and inward and outward purity and individuals of the community, form a person in the whole on the other hand, each group as a person and individuals play its role finally, all the efforts and perseverance must goes around a divine and common goal which is in the favor of the population and individual. Regarding the evolutionary flow and development of human community, with attainment of technological science, some scientists have considered globalization and have claimed to omit the category of society and achievement of universal gathering. The process of globalization means that the geographical scope and spread gradually replaced by cultural and social borders and in such situations religious and social identities will be stable just in the shadow of enriching national and religious beliefs other than this, the dominant culture by resorting to symbolic authority and dominance, in the form of supplying its establishers, will destroyed all the things. The overall concept of Islamic community is relying on a sort of values and beliefs that exists by considering Islamic principals among Muslims and proclaiming their original identity in the worldwide. Thus, unity is consisting of the mass conscientious as well as divine and emotional in the process of their historical world and especially, it is regarded a requirement in moral and basic needs of the recent situations. Hazrat Imam based on rational, religious and time requirements have emphasized on the necessity for unity between Muslims in the national and international levels and considers the Muslim’s division and the dominance of the rulers due to lack of paying attention to religious principals and Holy Quran’s verses. “ all the Muslims of the world must pay attention to these verses which has been sent in down through Holy Quran to unite the Muslims and invite them to unity and touching God’s rope which mean the same Islam” Hazrat Imam said”. He continued that if all the Muslims in all parts of the Islamic countries follow this order of God that he has called them brothers, there will be no other harm threatening them. If one Milliard of Muslims , that unfortunately are harnessed by others, that ‘s why , under the dominance of 250 Million , had obeyed only this order that they are brothers and if this brotherhood was all over , no longer we were in troubles anymore. It is understood from variety of statements mentioned by Hazrat Imam that solidarity and unity in his thoughts has been generalized based on a kind of believing and internal commitment which is exposed to in religious sympathy . The acceptable coherence in this approach is due to internal compatibility in which the groups and individuals voluntarily and based on religious beliefs has been subjected to and these beliefs create a mutual organized actions amongst the believers which is related to divine values. Therefore, from this view point that evaluation and the reward of these actions are not met by people, keeping cultural enrichment in different ways especially by the process of becoming holy and thinking of emotional energy of community is easily handled. Hey You! Iranian nation, the pure Muslims, grasp the lighting and teaching decrees of Holy Quran in advance and shake a brotherhood hand and refrain from the conflicts and you must think about holy Quran and respectable Islam. He continues that “wherever a Muslim found should be understood with other Muslims and this is what Almighty God has enjoined in the Holy Quran and Holy prophet has recommended as well as the Imams and the elites also has tried to invite the Muslims to unity and solidarity. This type of unity leads to religious and collective identity and provides the way for cooperation with flowing mutual trust in the field of cooperation for reform and developing Islamic Affairs in community. Such allocation which is due to believing identity enjoys more flexibility and along with conflicting foreign culture and its spreading process attracts other cultures, too. Those individuals who has generalized emotional and religious reliance to internal commitments have a kind of public tendencies around religious values and according to them all those who belong to the Ummah and have common origin and principal values are regarded as “we “and finally they feel a kind of feeling responsibility and common for themselves however, as the feeling of belonging to the Ummah gets more spreads and the organization and personal tendencies also becomes wider also, dependency to cortical gray and more limited groups reduces. The showcase of collective emotion from deep sociological point of view is collective rituals where the values, beliefs and symbols show their main original roles explicitly and, paved the way for social and coherent unity and collaboration. Hazrat Imam Khomeini has said repeatedly referring to the importance of this issue and has called religious celebrations such as Slaughtering, Fetr and anniversary birthday of holy prophet, Mohammad, and also Haj rituals as prerequisite for unity and since the Kaaba Embodies the most exalted symbol and focus of the Muslims to God for doing Pilgrimage as a divine rites have been given a special role. Hazrat Imam, after warning that the major panacea for Muslims ’pain is unity says “this type of unity to which Islam and dignified Holy Quran has insisted on, must be achieved by continuous preaching and the center and focal place for this, and is Holy Mecca on the time of the Muslims’ gathering for doing Haj rituals.
The quality of unity from Hazrat Imam’s point of view :
regarding the opportunity which thanks to the movement of Imam Khomeini ( peace be upon) for revival of religious thoughts in the twentieth century was provided , we must with regard to what is happening in today's world and identities which are at risk of collapse must in the direction of unity and the Muslims feeling of belongings to each others and creating an Ummah , they do the most efforts and this Islamic revival under any conditions must be eternal. If the Muslims in the in the forms of narrow-mindedness forms and sects being entangled, will missed this golden opportunity. For continuity of this thinking and Islamic movement and its universality it requires that different methods and suitable ones by considering tie requirements being prepared and the Muslim scholars work hard to improve and develop it. In this paper, the following methods are suggested in brief in order to achieve this important goal.
1- Cognitive consensus: With comprehensive definition of concepts, values, nuclear concepts of Islamic culture in a way that most of Muslims and Islamic sects legally recognize it as an ideal type of pure Islamic concepts in the direction of Muslims’ benefits. This definition must be revived in a way that supply religious expectations and behavioral patterns for must Islamic sects as explicit as without any contrast and vagueness. Hazrat Imam stated one of the excellent definitions in the plan of unique Islam so; such plan can end to the most of ambiguities and amazing in Islamic word and being accounted as theoretical and practical pattern to decrease the slot between Islamic sects.
2- value consensus ; it has been generalized by creating a kind of tendency and emotional reliance for the Muslims in proportion to Islam’s principals and the Muslims in a way that for each Muslim creates a kind of feeling of responsibility for his own religious followers . Theoretically, in religious principals, there are many samples that by spreading and developing them in the forms of teaching and training and sociability, stimulation and generalizing of such a feeling is not difficult.
3- keeping relative reliance of practical and theoretical domains of Islamic sects, in a way that each sect by playing its internal rules and keeping its reliance is being respected by other sects and in the process of interaction and exchanging ideas and theories, each one has the right to speak about its method and the negative methods and nonsenses must be omitted. The first principals of unity requires that for each group we must expect this right to voluntarily join to Muslims association or depart from it however, we must not expect the individual actively and critically undergo compatibility with the masses.
4- Providing the way for managing the agreements and disagreements in regard to the role of clergymen and scholars in technical scientific settings which can pave the way for mutual dialogue and interactions.
5- Avoiding discrimination among Islamic brothers and fairly distribution of opportunities in social systems so, this method despite the fact that pave the way for more legibility of governmental systems, increases unity and collaboration in and out of the systems.
6- stimulating the attention to international Islamic organizations and such as Islamic conference organization from one side, by promoting the role and real position of these organizations and on the other side, general supervision on the scope and decisions of high Islamic officials as a political reality, social and international which can ultimately bring about more prepared conditions for cooperation and political collaboration of the Muslims in demanding their right.
7- The proclamation of the goal , by issuing a statements of ( Manifesto ) based on Islamic identity which stimulates emotional motivation and collective spirit of the Muslims to each other and review it very often. These statements, during Haj and Islamic Aids, are good to be declared based on the occasion and are being provided in a way that each Muslim adopts it and consider it as a part of their secret letter of their creed and his life and repeat its slogan for a long time. it is proposed that on the occasion of beginning 2000 AD and the beginning of 21th century , that coincidently the Christian world will have splendid celebrations so, the scholars and Muslim intellectuals with consultation about theological centers and Shia and Sunni’s religious schools and specially Iran, Saudi Arabia , Egypt , Lebanon and other nations to prepare a common declaration in which it has been emphasizing on religious identity of the Muslims and they must publish it under the title of “ we are Muslims ‘ . This statement can attract the Muslims’ emotions and hearts to religious principals and solidarity of the Ummah and remind their religious identity to achieve unity because the Muslims life is relied on the unity.