The Strategic Area of Israel; Egypt

Egypt, as a great Islamic and Arabic country in the world of Islam and Arabs, always have been aimed as a target by Zionists. Even before the establishment of Israel, Zionists, highly paid attention to this country. In World War I, in 1915, Zionists sent a representative of Jews with a responsibility to convey Sultan Hussein Kumeil, the ruler of Egypt of the time, and his prime minister, Hussein Rashdi Pasha, in order to accept and welcome and settle Jews in their country. Sultan Hussein Kumeil and his prime minister officially did agree and then made camps and small cities for immigrant Jews to settle, in Alqubari, in the region of Alexandria. Egyptian Jews, with recommendation and commandment of Vladimir Zhabutinski, one of the radical leaders of Zionists in Egypt, and subordinate of Moussa Quttavi, the head of Jews in that country, after coordinating with general commander of English forces in Egypt, formed many military camps, and joined general Alnabi’s Jewish army which was ready to March Palestine and Sham and fight against Ottoman Empire.
In geographic terms, Egypt is limited to these three countries: Libya by West, to Sudan by South, and the Occupied Palestine by North-East, and by North it is limited to the Mediterranean Sea, and by East it is limited to the Red Sea. In North of the country, the Mediterranean Sea exists with coastal borderline of almost 955 Kilometers. In Eat of the country, Red Sea exists. Egypt has 1941 Kilometers coastal borderlines with this sea. In North-East parts, it has 265 Kilometers of borderlines with the Occupied Palestine. In West of this country, Egypt has about 1115 Kilometers of borderlines with Libya, and 1250 Kilometers with Sudan in South.
North ( the Mediterranean Sea) 955 Kilometers
South (Sudan) 1250 Kilometers
East (the Red Sea) 1941 Kilometers
West (Libya) 1115 Kilometers
North-East (the Occupied Palestine) 265 Kilometers
After World War I, the Great Britain set Egypt under its protection, and made Hussein Kumeil Egypt’s Khedive (monarch). In 1923, according to a constitution, this country, Egypt, was ruled by Fouad I in a parliamentary constitutional way. Mandate of Egypt continued until the convention of 1936, of which according Egypt and the Great Britain were pronounced two united countries, and the two countries dealt up on the matter of Britain forces’ exodus. After Fouad, his son, Farooq took his position. In World War II, according to the treaty signed in 1936, the Great Britain took the responsibility of defending Egypt. After the war, Egyptians wanted a reconsideration on the treaty of 1936. Egypt was strongly opposed to the Palestine partition plan in the United Nations in 1947, finally joined Arabs Union, and in 1948 after the pronunciation of the establishment of Israel, this country, with the help of some other Arabian countries entered a war against the Zionist regime.
In 1952, Egyptian army forces, with commandment of General Mohammad Najib, took the power by a coup. Farooq, for the interest of his son Ahmad Fouad II, resigned from being the ruler any longer. In 1953, the Monarchy of Egypt was extinct, and presidential government was established instead. Najib was pronounced president. In February, 1954 Najib resigned the presidency, and in November 1954, Jamal Abdul Nasser took his position. The man who was considered to be behind the plan of the dismissal of Malik Farooq. With new constitutions, Nasser was elected to be the president of Egypt for 6 years. In 1956, Jamal Abdul Nasser pronounced Suez Canal to be of the nation of Egypt. In 1956, Israel, with France and England, with the excuse of losing Israel’s interests, entered a war against Egypt, and targeted and bombarded this country from air and ground.
According to the existing evidence, it is noticeable that the Zionist regime planned from some years ago to make an excuse to attack Egypt.
In January, 1967, Zionist regime attacked Egypt from both air and ground. In this war, Israelis, having the special help of Western countries, especially the United States of America were able to capture and occupy Gaza, Sinai Peninsula, western parts of the river of Jordan, and Joulan Mountains from Syria. In September, 1970, Nasser died and Anwar Sadat took his position and by firing out all the inspectors and specialists of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics made Egypt’s relations with the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics darker.
In Ramadan, 1973, in October, when it exactly was Kippur’s jubilee, Egyptians, in order to take revenge and also take back the lands they have lost, with the help of Syria, from the way of Suez Canal and Joulan Mountains marched Israel, which, in 22nd October, 1973 resulted a cease fire.
In 1977, all Sadat thought of was to take back Sinai Peninsula from Israelis. Menachem Begin, Prime minister of Israel of the time, invited Anwar Sadat to the Occupied Palestine in order to have debates about peace. This invitation was accepted by Anwar Sadat. In November, 1977, Sadat attended the Occupied Palestine, and had a speech in Kenest (Israel’s Parliament). Despite some Western countries, and even some Arabian countries fancied and encouraged Sadat for doing so, many Arabian and Islamic countries blamed Sadat for doing so and some other ceased their relations with Egypt. Finally, after having a few sessions of debating between Sadat and Zionists regime, in September, 1978, in summer camp of David, both sides agreed, by the peace invitation of Carter, president of the United States of America of the time, to sign a peace treaty, of which they have to agree that the Sinai land will be given back to Egypt in the next two, or three years, and Israel gives a formal freedom to the Palestinians living in the western parts of the river of Jordan, and the Palestinians living in Gaza, and the treaty will finally be signed in March, 1979, in Washington DC, the United States of America. According to this treaty, the issue of normalizing the relations between Egypt and the Zionist regime, the time when Zionists march back their forces from the land of Sinai, and establishment of a new diplomatic era between the two countries was to be signed.
Jews in Egypt
The historical documents demonstrate the special situation of Egypt in Islam and Arabs World, has caused Jews to increase their influence and presence in this country. In World War I and World War II they reached most of their goals and gained so much power in that country.
In the time of Malik Fouad, Khakham Nakhom Afandi, the chairman of Jews in the constitutional committee was being loved by the king. He, then, became the representative of Jews in the Senna Committee. In this time, Yousef Quttavi Pasha, who was originally Jewish, in most cabinets of Egypt, had the responsibility of being finance minister.
Progressively, other Jews entered the committee including Renieh Quttavi Beek and De Bchotbeek. In this time, Jewish wife of finance minister of Egypt (Yousef Quttavi Pasha) was head of servants of Queen Nazli. One Jews in south of Africa, Awzvald Winnie, established this eastern advertising company. He distributed a collection of English-language and French-language newspapers. But these papers were stirred to Jews’ orientations. These publication included Ethiopians Mail, Ethiopians Gossip, and Ethiopians Bourse. The eastern advertising company seized powers in new free trading markets. Plus, Jews increased their influences in the royal palace up to this point that once the disclosure of the friendship and relationship of a Jewish woman named Suares with Malik Fouad caused revelations against court and the king.
Jews, by earning privileged positions in Egypt, caused some French, Italian, and Spanish Jewish traders to enter Egypt’s free trade and investing markets. They potentially influenced governmental centers.
Therefore, the percentage of the number of Jewish employees in industrial and financial companies increased to 39%. This amount, considering the population of Jews in Egypt of the time, compared to the whole population of employees in industrial and financial companies, shows a percentage above a hundred percent (the whole population of Egyptian Jews were so much less than 39% of the whole population of employees in industrial and financial companies).
Jewish families, including Eshkavari and Musyri, took a part in establishing central bank of Egypt by providing them money out of their influences. A certain number of farming companies including Wadi Kom Ombo, landing company of lakes, and Sheikh Fadlallah’s company were managed by Jews’ fund.
Jews, with their influences on governments and their economic impact, was able to impress and attract many Egyptian politicians, who, most of them, were connected to economical circles, including Ismail Sidqi Pasha, who was the minister of finance, and had been the prime minister of Egypt for some periods. They even entered Music and Art Fields of Egypt.
Some years after World War II, activities of Zionists in Egypt reached its peak. Great Jewish families started building camps for immigrated Jews from war-torn areas. Like what happened in World War I, these camps weren’t limited to Jews’ temporary accommodation, but progressively turned to Hebrew-language, Jewish history, and even military learning centers.
Organizing Jews in military battalions was redone when European Jewish groups joined them. Jewish army battalions were formed by Egyptian Jews, and the region of “Arabs tower” in Western Desert (Libya) was considered and used as their camp.
In 1943, during World War II, in Egypt, the Organization of Zionists started its activity again, under the new name of the Union of Zionists. The leaders of the Zionist Terrorist Groups and Departments, Haganah and the Irgun, David Ben-Gurion and Isaac Ben-Zavi, who then became two different presidents of Israel, took a part in Union’s meetings and had speeches. Abba Eban, one of the most prominent Great Britain’s military spokesmen in Cairo, who then became the minister of foreign affairs of Israel, also took a part in Zionists’ activities in Egypt.
The impact and the presence of Jews in Egypt were still in progress even in the time of Malik Farouq. He, like his father, Fouad, had a Jewish lover named Irene Connolly. Communist Movement of Egypt was completely under the control and impact and influence of Egyptian Jews.
Therefore, the Jews with Zionist and non-Zionist tendencies, in order to influence the society of Egypt and to have an impact on it, gained important opportunities. They gained an impact on the cultural and the press life of Egypt. For instance, Musiry’s family published a publication named “Israel’s magazine” in three different languages: French, Arabic, and Hebrew, simultaneously. Many of Jewish Journalists were members of the Journalists Union of Egypt.
The highest Jewish rank in the hierarchy of the Journal (after the responsible directorate) was Haim Armgan, who was the director of advertising section. Illy Bulliny, who was a Jew, have also been a prominent figure of Almesry journal. In 1943, when the “day news” newspaper was established, one of the news writers of it, in London, was John Kimchi, David Kimchi’s cousin (years after, David was appointed to take the responsibility of being Deputy of Mossad, and vice minister of the ministry of foreign affairs).
Anyways, after the collapse and falling of the Monarchy of Egypt and the rise of the Republic, from 1953 on, Jews’ possession in the country changed.