Emergence of Rothschild House

Paul Johnson in his book about the rise of a new civilization of the West (1991) knows The Rothschild as "a key factor in the emergence of the modern world". Goethe (1749-1832), the famous German writer, writes in one of his letters (20 October 1828):
We think Dante was great, but he had centuries of civilization behind, while Rothschild Foundation needed only a generation to achieve such wealth.
Goethe is wrong. It is wrong if we think Rothschild as "miracle" of a family. Rothschild belonged to the epicenter which spread its network all over the world from centuries ago, just like a "cult" and a coherent hidden political organization. Jean-Jacques Rousseau (1712-1778) has described "stunning views" of the focus around half of the eighteenth century:
Athens, Sparta and Rome have been lost and there are no survivors of them in the world, but Zion is destroyed and it has not lost its children in the world. They are preserved, reproduce and are scattered around the world ... they are integrated with all nations but they are not confused. They do not have rulers of their own, but always have a nation.
This international network became a great unrivaled power through accumulation of looted capital in the colonial invasion of Europe in modern times and placed at the heart of contemporary global plutocracy. Rothschild Foundation is the last symbol of power and wealth of the focus.
We do not know much about Rothschild's background before Meyer Amschel, founder of the Rothschild Foundation.
The first known person of the family is Ishaq al-Hanan, who died in 1585 in Frankfurt. His father, al-Hanan also lived in Frankfurt and his grave is in the city. Ishaq al-Hanan lived in "street of Jews" in Frankfurt. The street emerged in 1442 as the site of the Jewish community in Frankfurt and was the home of three Jewish families in 1760. At the time the houses of "street of Jews", or all the homes in Frankfurt, did not have number and each home was detected with a sign that was hung over from it. Sign of house of Ishaq al-Hanan was a "Red Shield" and because of this, he and his descendants became known to "Rothschild" (Red Shield).
We do not know which branch of the Jewish oligarchs family did al-Hanan belong to, and we do not also know from which country he or his ancestors moved to Frankfurt; a city that was one of places for settlement of Jewish merchants and money changers since eleventh century AD, and it was location of prominent Jewish plutocracy families like Oppenheimer family since the seventeenth century and in nineteenth century, it became Europe's important center of the exchange. In the second half of the eighteenth century, when Mayer Amschel Rothschild started his quest, Frankfurt was one of the major and prosperous cities in Europe; it had about 35,000 inhabitants that a tenth of them were Jews. The Jews had the main and decisive role of trade in Frankfurt to the extent that without them the port was not fruitful. In 1817, Frankfurt population was 41500 people and in 1890 they were 180,000 people.
Mayer Amschel Rothschild was born in Frankfurt in 1744 and died in the same city in 1812 during the Napoleonic Wars. His father was called Amschel Moses Rothschild. Jewish Encyclopedia states members of Rothschild family were unknown traders until Mayer Amschel. Mayer Amschel Rothschild started his job as a trader and seller of antiques and old coins and in his 20s, he started relations with William, Prince of Hesse Kassel, who was interested in collecting coins and antiques. When Rothschild was 25 years old, he became official agent of the court of William in 1769 and through friendship with Karl Friedrich Bodros, adviser and friend of William, he became the main financial agent of William from the 1790s and now he was as William the ninth, ruler of Hesse Kassel. Eugene Courti, the Austrian scholar, writes Bodros had financial relationship with Jewish Wolf Solomon Ashnaper, father-in-law of Mayer Amschel Rothschild, and Ashnaper was the one whp caused a close connection between Mayer Amschel Rothschild and Bodros.
This is the beginning of the rise of the House of Rothschild. As we have seen, Mayer Amschel Rothschild did not achieve fabulous wealth from "poverty". He belonged to a wealthy Jewish family and his father-in-law, like other Jewish leaders in Frankfurt, was connected with William's court, and the court of other local German rulers. It is true that the foundations of great wealth of Rothschild House were established during the wars of the French Revolution and Napoleon climb, but researchers cited income of Mayer Amschel Rothschild before the French Revolution two to three thousands of Golden. This is income of a wealthy family in Europe at the time. Annual household spending of Goethe family, who were from the German nobility contemporary with Mayer Amschel, has been reported 2400 Golden. In 1785, Mayer Amschel was so rich that he moved to luxurious three-floor house. In this house, Rothschild and Schiff families lived together. Jacob Schiff, as we will see, became the most influential plutocracy in the United States of America in the second half of the nineteenth century and early twentieth century.
Duchy of Hesse was from small local governments in Germany and was in the neighboring state of Hanover. In the past, the land was location of Tutuni tribes. Some researchers know name of "Hesse" derived from the tribal name "Cathy" that lived in the north of the Rhine in the first centuries AD. However, some believe that the aforementioned clan exited "Rayen" area by "Alamani" clan since the late third century BC and since then their name was not found in historical sources.
Hesse current land is 21,000 square kilometers, and its most important cities are Frankfurt, Darmstadt, Kassel and Wiesbaden. Its population was about 5.25 million people in 1967 and two-thirds were Catholic and one-third were Protestant.
The rule of Hesse land was in hands of the house known as Dukes of Hesse since the second half of the thirteenth century. Philip, Duke of Hesse (1509-1567), was one of the influential rulers of Europe and critic of the Church of Rome. In 1526, he converted to Protestantism, and he became one of the main supporters of the "Reformation". Hesse land was divided among his four sons after his death, and in the seventeenth century, it turned to the Duchy of Hesse Kassel (in north) and Hesse Darmstadt (in the south). During the Thirty Years' War in Europe (1618-1648) princes of Hesse were in Protestant front.
However, the official government of the mentioned house of the land of Hesse has ended for years, but that does not mean the end of their wealth and power. In the twentieth century, the House of Hesse Kassel is known as one of the richest families in the world. Prince Philip, the head of the family, was the son-in-law of the King of Italy and fan of Hitler and Mussolini in the years before World War II. According to Virginia Kawls, he was the mediator between Hitler and Mussolini. Prince Philip of Hesse Kassel was alive at least until 1973 and lived in the Queen Frederick's House, the eldest daughter of Queen Victoria, near Frankfurt. He was known as "the richest man in Germany" and "Europe's richest Prince".
In the first half of the eighteenth century, the link between rulers of neighboring Hanover and Hesse was founded through marriage. William VIII, the powerful and wealthy ruler of Hesse Cassel, chose daughter of George II of England and King of Hanover (1727-1760), for his son, Frederick, as his wife. William VIII died in 1760 and George II's son-in-law named Frederick II became governor of Hesse Kassel. The result of marriage of daughter of Frederick and George's second son was a son named William (1743-1821). He is famous supporter of Mayer Amschel Rothschild whom we will speak about later. Thus, George II, George III and George IV were kings of England during almost a century (1727-1830), respectively grandfather, uncle and cousin of William Hesse Kassel. William had kinship with the British royal family through other way too. He married daughter of Frederick V, King of Denmark and Norway (1746-1766). Frederick the fifth's wife and mother-in-law of William was daughter of George II. Thus, William's wife was his cousin and grandson of King of England. By Frederick II coming to power in Hesse Kassel, William also became the Prince and independent state of Hanoi, took over an area in 16 kilometers from East Frankfurt with 50 thousand inhabitants. William's father died in October 1785. His name was William IX that ruled in Kassel Hesse state and until death he controlled the land where 330 thousand people lived.
Closely family link of British royal family and House of Hesse continues to this day:
In the second half of the nineteenth century, Louis IV (1837-1892) was Grand duke of Hesse Darmstadt, husband of Alice, second daughter of Queen Victoria of England. In 1884, another member of the House of Hesse named Prince Louis Battenberg (1854-1921) married the grandchild of Queen Victoria (older daughter of Alice and Grand Duke of Hesse Darmstadt) and thus he became brother-in-law of Grand Duke Serge, brother of Alexander III, Tsar of Russia (1881-1894). (Wife of Alexander II is mother of Alexander III and Grand Duke Surge is also a descendant of German Hesse.) In 1894, Nicholas II, the son of Tsar Alexander III and the next Tsar of Russia (1894-1917) also married with another girl of Alice and Grand Duke Hesse. Nicholas II is the last Russian Tsar and the one who were killed by the Bolsheviks with his wife and all his children. Nicholas II was known as "good Niki" among British royalty.
Prince Louis Battenberg is older son of Prince Alexander Hesse Darmstadt. In 1868, he became a citizen of the UK government, and he was hired in the Department of the Navy and was promoted quickly. Battenberg headed the intelligence service of Great Britain's navy in 1902-1905 and was appointed to the First Lord of the Admiralty in 1912. After the outbreak of the First World War and the invasion of the British press to presence of "Germans" at the head of military institutions of the country, Battenberg resigned the position on 29 October 1914. Winston Churchill, Secretary of the Navy at the time, accepted his resignation and granted him large sums in recognition of his services. In 1917, following the change of the German names of royal family of England, Louis Battenberg and all members of the family also abandoned their German titles and adopted the English name "Mountbatten". In the same year, he was called the Marquis of Milford Haven.
A year after the marriage of Louis Battenberg with grandchild of Queen Victoria, in 1885, his younger brother, Prince Henry Battenberg (1858-1896), married Beatrice, the youngest daughter of Queen Victoria. Henry Battenberg was in the Great Britain's army in 1895 and participated in some colonial wars. In 1906, his daughter married to Alfonso XIII (1886-1941), King of Spain. Alfonso's reign coincided with the Spanish Civil War (1936-1939) and climb of Francisco Franco, the dictator in the country. Juan Carlos, the current king of Spain is grandson of Alfonso. Thus, Juan Carlos, the last king of the House of Bourbon, should be considered as a descendant of Queen Victoria and a member of the British royal family. Son of Henry Battenberg, Prince Alexander Battenberg, changed his name to "Mountbatten" in 1917 and was named Marquis Carisbrooke.
Prince Louis Battenberg (Marquis of Milford Haven) has two sons and a daughter. The eldest son was also named Louis and became highly popular with the title of Lord Mountbatten Burma.