The language of Quran

Introduction:

The science of linguistics has extended due to different conditions such as the increase of communications and the existence of studies among different majors surprisingly since a century and half a century, different branches have been established in it and it has left a high effect on social sciences such as history and theology. The familiarity of linguists with other languages, a part from their native language, along with gained advances in the areas of archeology, anthropology , psychology and …have had the highest effect on the extension of area of linguistics. In others words, '' historical'', '' adaptable'' and '' mid-majors'' features in new linguistics are considered as the most important factors of its change.

Linguistics:

The definition of language and linguistics:
A language is a system of conventional signs. The systems of signs recognition may include a collection of colors, the signs of sounds, written signs and …there are the different systems of signs in the life and they are applied. The science of semiotics studies these systems of signs. Since language has special importance and high extension, it is studied as an independent science. Therefore, non-linguistics signs are studied in semiotics and a specific kind of signs, linguistics signs, are studied in linguistics.

Backgrounds:

Relationship between linguistics and semiotics from the aspect of the history of emerge and extension is the opposite of their logical relationship. Language is considered as a branch of signs; therefore, linguistics is considered as a part of semiotics. However, semiotics has been born and has extended in the lap of linguistics. The extension of linguistics has presented this idea in recent decades, it is possible to study about non-linguistics signs. Therefore, the grounds of the appearance of new science as semiotics were provided. Dususur, the Swiss well-known linguist, reminded the possibility of the existence of the science of semiotics for the first time.

The features of language:

Language is not a static event, but it forms in the society and the history and progresses. Language is a social case and its nature is historical. Language has very close relationship with other aspects of social life such as culture, knowledge and the religion. Language is an organic creature that includes different tools and instruments and it such as human has hands, feet, eyes, ears and…All of these members have cooperation with each other as a system and follow a specific purpose and performance. A language includes factorial, phonemic, grammatical, meaningful, rooted and … members and structures. All of these structures are not independent, but they are like the members of a body that act as a unit.
Language is not a static event that was formed in a specific era and did not change. This topic as the arrest or the expression of language has been discussed in literary old sources and the principles of jurisprudence. The followers of the idea of arrest believe that language has been founded by a maker and it is transferred to next generations in this way. The followers of the theory of expression consider it as a conventional event and it is dependent on the public convention of people and its developments. The fiction '' Yarab Bin Ghahtan'' represents the way of the interpretation of the old linguists of Arabic Language. According to this story, he is remembered as the maker of Arabic Language. In other sources, other makers such as Ismaeil are remembered and most of scholars believe that God enacted Arabic Language directly and other languages rooted from it.
Most of the rules of language in the science of grammar and syntax and other literary traditional sciences are based on the basis of fable and fiction. Although most of scholars have not remembered this story and have not expressed any ideas about it, unconsciously, they act in the position of the expression of rules and research in the area of research on the basis of such an imagination.
Language in linguistics has historical nature and it is born and grows up in the lap of the history. It has infancy, childhood, teenager, youth, adulthood, old and death stages. It may become even alive again and appears in the form of a new body. It may appear as a word in the meaning of the other word or generally, it loses its previous meaning and receives another meaning.
Linguistics is definitely an experimental knowledge and presents experimental documents for each claim. If this word was at first and then changed to that word, what documents showed that this happened and which region and era did it happen and what factors and activators made it happen? In each and every case, experimental, material and tangible documents should be presented. Linguistics does not know any abstract analyses about the events of language formally; therefore, it challenges against traditional literary sciences and sometimes, it presents a lot of detailed analyses about the process of the developments of a word and other topics of language and none of them have historical and experimental documents and are from the imaginations of scholars. The kind of these examples is studied in the book '' the brief explanation of Amsale''.

The introduction of the most important schools of linguistics:

New linguistics includes several schools during its existence not so long. In this part, some of the most important schools will be mentioned:
a. Structural linguistics: Dususur (1913 A.D) is considered as the founder of new linguistics and founded a new matter in the knowledge of studying language. His important work is the book '' lessons in general linguistics'' that Mr. Kurosh Safavi has translated it in Persian. He has structural attitude toward language. Susur is considered as the starter of structuralism differentiating between long and parol. Long is the organized aspect of language that exists before persons and persons follow it when speaking. Parol is the individual aspect of language that appears as remarks. In long level with parallel chains, we face to references and senses that have been made and extended on the basis of difference, but one of them is based on vocal differences and the other one is based on the differences of thought. According to such a thought, structuralists found themselves against rather fixed system and since speakers needed relationship and the transfer of conceptions, they kept the unity of meaning. Susur considered language as a general system that is different from external reality, but on the other hand, the two moving layers nature of language destroys this coherence.
The structural formalism comes from the school of formalism and deals with its development and extension. Yakubesen and Tezutan are other well-known personalities of structural linguistics. Structuralists analyze literary works on the basis of its structure and in their opinion, structure covers both aspects of appearance and meaning. Structuralists analyze each component or an event in relation to a general and they are considered as a component of general structure. Structural linguistics deal with the kind of synchronic studies not diachronic. The synchronic point of view of language means that the connection of components and events is followed in a specific era and does not pay attention to past factors and of course, sometimes, it analyses diachronically and surveys the structural development. Structuralists make text independent with structural studies and study it apart from historical and cultural context and external factors.
b. The people of linguistics: Wisgerber (1985 A.D), the Germany well-known linguist, emphasizes on the necessity of cooperation between linguistics and anthropology specifically and he is considered as the founder of this school. He is influenced by Wilhalem Fin Humbolet (1835 A.D) that has done studies about the unity of language and thoughts. Wisberger believed that each language had its own point of view toward the world. The speakers of a language do not speak only with a language, but this language has specific point of view toward the world in its background. The point of view of persons speaking Persian or Arab and … is different toward the world, human, universe, God, death, woman and …and since the different kinds of knowing are different, languages are different as well. Difference among languages is not based on this foundation that way of pronunciation is different, but the basic difference of languages is rooted in the depth of the point of view of speakers toward the world. Wisgerber interprets this kind of point of view toward the world as the soul of language and considers language in a close relationship with the though, feeling and social life. He mentions four stages in the explanation of his theory and language is created and extended with passing through them: beyond the world (whatever exists); the soul of language (whatever is commonly felt); the system of meaning (whatever is commonly understood; the system of words (whatever is commonly said).

An example of difference in point of view toward the world in languages is

mentioned in order to clarify matters. The comparison of the word of wisdom with Greek translation'' Logos'' represents difference between the Arabic recognition of the world and the Greek recognition of the world clearly. The word '' wisdom'' is rooted from the word '' Aghal'' in Arabic Language and the word '' Aghal'' is a string of shaped circle as shackles that is tied to the legs of camels and it prevents camels from standing up and moving. Aghal is used in order to keep on heads and wisdom has a close relationship with this root in Arabic Language. Wisdom means the force of the control of desires that prevent from rebellious desires. Wisdom in Arabic Language is a completely moral event and it is considered as a means in order to control desires. Wisdom is used in this meaning in narrative and Quran applications. Maybe, wisdom is used in its philosophical meaning in none of traditional Arabic texts. But the word '' logos'' means discipline in Greek Language and wisdom means the force of organizer. Therefore, there is the word '' logy'' at the end of all sciences that come from word '' logos'' and it is used as the meaning of organize of science or event. Hence, a conception such as '' wisdom'' means differently due to the differences of the recognition of the world and the persons of each language present their own meanings related to it.
Important activities have been done in the area of the studies of Quran on the basis of Ben School. The most important personality of this school that has done very important studies of Quran on the basis of the theory of Wisberger is Toshihiko Izutsu and his recent works have been recognized in Iran and the world of Arab and have been translated and studied. His important works include '' religious moral conceptions in Quran'' and '' human and God in Quran''. Moreover, another important book '' creation and doomsday'' that has been written by his student, Shinia Makinu. In the people of linguistics, the content of Quran is understood in its historical, cultural, racial and social context; therefore, it is the opposite point of structural linguistics.
C. General linguistics: '' Novam Chomsky'', the American well-known linguist, is considered as the founder of this school and some persons such as Katez and Roduf are considered as the well-known of these schools. The school of general linguistics believes that language includes a unity nature and all of languages follow logic. Hence, this school is located against the school of Ben. Wisger tried to create completely specific boundary of culture and civilization among languages and to analyze languages independently. Consequently, there was not the possibility of the analysis of a language event without considering its language kind. In contrast, Novam Chomsky emphasizes that language is completely unit event and we should study general rules in order to access its unit logic. The theories and the foundation of Novam Chomsky have a lot of uses in the science of translation and the machine translators.
The theories of this school can have a lot of useful effects on the based rules of the translation of Quran and unfortunately, it has not been paid attention by the translators of Quran so far. One of important features of this school and structural linguistics is that Quran is studied without considering its Arabic Language and the racial and tribal aspects. This attitude is attractive for non-Arabic races and it results in the improvement of universal aspect of Quran and is useful.
There are other schools such as the school of linguistics in England and if it is discussed about them, the main issue will be ignored. Hence, a brief report about the schools and the ideas of linguistics will be presented.

The branches of linguistics:

Linguistics has several branches; some of scientific branches are independent and each one has its own special application in the studies of Quran.
1. Phonetics: the science of phonetics deals with the material aspect of language and studies the way of producing voice with vocal organs of human. A science that is similar to it in the area of traditional sciences is '' Makharej Al-Asvat'' that has a lot of applications in the science of orthoepy. ''Makharej Al-Asvat'' in orthoepy has a clear difference with phonetics. The progress of sciences in most of areas such as physiology and anatomy provides a ground that phoneticians can determine the vents of alphabets exactly and scientifically. To describe each phoneme, they analyze them as specific features such as vocalic, release, anterior, blade and … their combination can create an intended phoneme. Vents in orthoepy are described limitedly and generally. Hence, phonetics can help to organize and to reconstruct the science of orthoepy and make the training of Quran easy, quick and exact.
2. Syntax: the science of syntax deals with the grammar of language. Syntax extracts the rules of the grammar of language, compiles it as a system and attempts to make it easy for us to learn the rules of this grammar. The science of syntax in linguistics is completely experimental and constantly changes whereas the Arabic syntax has not progressed for centuries and considers a system that Sibuye extracted from the book '' Al-Ketab'' about a thousand years ago valid and the Arabic syntax is based on it. The system of the Arabic syntax suffers from another serious problem apart from the record and the avoidance of development. Most of parts of this science that are not based on the experimental studies of language based on the abstract thoughts of the language have been made and compiled. The syntax of a system is organized and a real affair not valid. Syntax should be discovered and identified not made. The experts of syntax consider themselves discoverers not inventors. The grammar of each language is located in the inner of its structure; all of us have learned it from childhood unconsciously and speak according to it without knowing what to do exactly.
The division of verbs is considered as a prominent example of abstract attitude. Verbs in Farsi and English Languages are divided in three kinds, past, present and future tenses and the factor of time is the basis of division. Verbs in Arabic Language are divided in past, future and imperative verbs. Division that is applied in Arabic Language is unequal and inadaptable with the reality of language. Two first kinds of verbs are based on the basis of the factor of time and the division of imperative and non-imperative sentences is based on the content of news and compositions. The root of this fault is that the grammar of language is not as an organized system. Moreover, in most of cases, the verbs of past and future times are not used in their own time. For instance, the verb of past time refers to the certainty of the occurrence of an event out of time in most of its applications. The examples of these kinds of verbs are seen in Quran a lot and interpreters have tried a lot to justify it. In fact, the division of verbs on the basis of time is an unchangeable and inevitable affair and other divisions may be suggested in line with the structure of the grammar of Arabic Language.
Familiarity with syntax in new linguistics has resulted in the progress and the extension of the Arabic syntax and has had an important role in the translation of Quran because one of problems of translation is the appropriate identity and the analysis of the role of each word and the search of its exact equivalence in second language.
The other difference is in the presentation of quality and quantity norms. In traditional syntax, most of the roles of language are defined as a quality and it happens a lot that a word in a sentence has more than a role whereas roles in new syntax are completely defied as a quantity and there is little possibility of combination among them. For instance, a lot of these roles in the traditional syntax of Arabic Language are known as an object whereas there is no common similarity between some of them and other ones. These roles have been analyzed separately in new syntax. Some of them are considered as supplements and others as adverbs and each one is compiled and analyzed separately. The other instance is the role of mosul that does not have specific meanings in the roles of grammar whereas it is introduced as connectors among sentences in new syntax.
3. Pragmatism: the science of pragmatism deals with the application of language and its relationship with the different aspects of the life of human. For example, two different interpretations can be done about the following sentence:
'' The punishment of Hasan was inappropriate''. The word '' Hasan'' can be subject as well as object. Specifically, the science of pragmatism works on such cases. Of course, there are such cases in the language alot. The science of pragmatism can be in the analysis of similar verse and the similarity of most verses is not due to the complexity of meanings, but it is due to the existence of a specific structure that creates the possibility of understanding over a meaning. Pragmatism helps to solve these kinds of verbal problems with the analysis of inner and external context of text and the position of the location of the intended sentence.
4. Historical linguistics: it studies the historical process of the emergence of language and the process of its extension. Language is a dynamic event not static. Hence, its different structures may change during the history and a structure is replaced with another structure. The recognition of these developments has high effect and importance in the understanding of traditional texts.
For instance, we refer to '' y'' applied in order to attribute things. The cases of the application of this structure in Quran are less than the fingers of a hand. But nowadays it is highly used in Arabic Language. Hence, a clear difference is revealed and language has changed. The previous structure was not used, but it is highly used. The historical linguistics in this topic deals with this matter that if this structure had not existed, it would have definitely been needed. Hence, did Arabic people use another thing instead of it? The replacement of ''y'' that was used to attribute things was '' men bayanie'' Since this structure was not common, the possibility of using '' y'' in order to attribute things was not. The historical linguistics has a high effect in studying in the knowledge of fluency and an important role in the understanding and the interpretation of Quran. It is also effective in the area of the criticism of Hadith and the criticism of interpretations.
5. Etymology: the science of etymology deals with the recognition of the roots of words and their equivalence in traditional sciences of Arabic Literature is '' elam Al-Eshteghagh''. Etymology like other branches of linguistics is completely experimental and extracts the root of words on the basis of historical documents and analyses the process of their appearance and progress. In etymology, the process of the changes of the root of words is not followed in a language and their root is studied in other languages. Their equivalence is in the sciences of Quran Moarabat'' or in a new expression '' the words of other words''. Etymology has an effective role in the science of Quran and in the science of interpretation and it may change the science of interpretation completely. Specifically, it influences Quran and then leaves its effects on the area of interpretation. There are a lot of studies in the area of etymology of the words of Quran and unfortunately, some of them are translated in Farsi. The book '' the words of other languages'' by Artur Jafari is the most important source in this area and we can find other different sources related to this topic in it.
6. Semantics: the science of semantics deals with the existence of meaning and the process of its progress and its changes, recognizes the relationships of meanings among different conceptions and extracts a network of meanings related to each other. 2. Semantics has an effective role in the topical interpretation of Quran because this provides this possibility to extract the meaningful relationships of different conceptions of Quran in a valuable way and achieve a theory about the discussed topic through these relationships. The book '' the religious moral conceptions in Quran'' of Izotso is considered as one of prominent examples of this kind of studies. The remarkable point of this book is that moral different conceptions are seen as an extended meaningful network that has us achieve a theory of Quran about the topic of moral system. The other important feature of the recognition of meaning of research is meaningful relationships that have been extracted among the conceptions of Quran according to acceptable scientific norms based on the recognition of relationships such as replacement, collocation, contrast and …and it is rarely sufficed to lexical sources. One of serious problems of lexical sources in Arabic Language is a long distance between the date of their compilation and the era of the descending of Quran. This distance that caused a lot of changes in Arabic Language made researchers lose their trust toward lexical sources. Hence, if we can apply a valid way in the understanding of meaningful relationships that are not about lexical sources, there will be more changes and validity related to the studies of Quran.

The philosophy of language:

New changes have been created in philosophy from the beginning of the twentieth century until now that started with the German Philosopher, Gutleb Fergeh (1848), at the end of the nineteenth century, Barter Anderasel ( 1872- 1970), Vitgenshtain 1 and Carnap at the beginning of the twentieth century, and now philosophers such as Quine and Donald Davidson follow it. Basically, this process deals with relationship between meaning and veracity. The basic question is what are the conditions of the veracity of a remark? In other words, this question is presented '' how is real relationship between words and meanings and meanings and beyond words?'' in other words, how can our mind recognize realities and express them for others? Do words refer to external objects directly or refer to the meaning of mind and then make a relationship with objective realities?
The source of the beginning of this course of searches were the thoughts of Rasel and Fergeh about the nature of the understanding of math that resulted in basic researches about the nature of logic and the revealing of the nature of words for more appropriate explanation. They started their search from '' the nature of veracity in math'' and little by little, continued it with presenting a theory about '' veracity in math''. Then they searched about meaning and the analysis of stories in order to present a theory about veracity.
Difference between sense and reference or meaning was the pivot of the idea of Fergeh about meaning that had the most effect on others. In his opinion, the name of each object, such as star, adapts with reference whereas the meaning of each name is considered such as a star absolutely. Hence, he analyzed meaning in two elements and said '' a talk may include one of them; it may have meaning, but it does not have reference such as the current king of France.
Another course of studies that dealt with the matters of verbal application and language considered as a part of the behavior of human appeared. The basic question is '' what is relationship between meaning and application or relationship between the meanings of words and the purposes of a speaker from his remarks? ''
In other words, when a person uses language, this can be considered from two aspects: one aspect of the cases of language and the aspect of the subject of language. In the aspect of cases, relationship between language and its cases is considered, relationship between language and the world and in the aspect of subject, the purposes and the intentions of the user of language are considered and it is asked what these remarks are for and what a speaker has done.
This thesis had wonderful effect on the appearance of the movement of Positivistic and the most prominent positivists such as Ayer and Carnap presented the theory of implementation of reality. Some parts of this positivistic thought is seen in philosophies such as Quine and his students.
In relationship between language and the world, the philosophical logical thesis of Witgneshtain at the beginning of the twentieth century that designed the meaningful pictorial theory and expressed that sentences reflected real affairs is considered as a remarkable work.
Quine rejects difference between analytic and synthetic terms and says '' we should evaluate sentences in the whole system, the ideas of belief systems. He has behaviorist interpretation from language that has very close relationship with his experimentalism. He believes that we are constantly bombarded against verbal and nonverbal incentives and they are conditioned to show a string of verbal reactions against these incentives. It is not in the way that there are meanings in our mind a part from incentives and our preparation for reaction against them.
The most influential student of Quine, Danlod Davidson, believes that there is a reliable relationship between meaning and veracity. In his opinion, the theory of meaning for each language includes a collection of principles that give us this possibility that we can express conditions for each sentence and the language and the condition of sentences have veracity. The idea of the veracity of sentences is an idea about meaning as well.
Relationship between language and the world is searched in the speaker of a language and his or her purposes. These questions are asked how verbal behaviors are basically and what lets human utter sound and apply signs that have surprising consequences? One of these consequences is that human makes a relationship with reality. How can we achieve all of the features of the recognition of meaning that we attribute to sounds uttered and signs that we draw? This basic topic is the same as '' the action of discourse'' that are reflected in the next works of Witgneshtain, Astein, Grice and John Serl and the nature of logical structure of these discourse actions is studied. Now we discuss about the philosophy of mind and language and relationships between mind and language and how the situations of our mind reflect the situation of the world. How do these situations make the behaviors of language possible and how do these features of language include the feature of outer reflection?
All of these matters form the philosophy of language. The philosophy of language is the name of a topic in philosophy and deals with these kinds of matters such as how we deal with reality? What is the nature of meaning? What is veracity, reference and the necessity of logic? What is the action of discourse? and …
As it is understood, the remarkable part of linguistic searches of Quran has the nature of linguistic philosophy and it is natural that the scientific inheritance of Muslim researchers in logic, philosophy, theosophy and the science of the principles of jurisprudence are used in the area of research.

Differences between the language of Quran and the language of other holy books:

The language of Quran includes features that make it special from the language of other holy books (old and new eras) and all of holy books of the religions.
The most important differences between the language of Quran and the language of holy books include:
1. Difference in the inference of the divine messages (the talk of God or the talk of human).
Quran is the talk of God that has been descended to the prophet of the Islam through the angle of the messenger of God (Gabriel) and Gabriel and the prophet are not allowed to interfere in its pronunciation and meaning. Different verses of Quran refer to this matter.
إِنَّهُ لَقَوْلُ رَسُولٍ كَرِيمٍ * ذِي قُوَّةٍ عِندَ ذِي الْعَرْشِ مَكِينٍ ...؛
وَلَوْ تَقَوَّلَ عَلَيْنَا بَعْضَ الْأَقَاوِيلِ * لَأَخَذْنَا مِنْهُ بِالْيَمِينِ * ثُمَّ لَقَطَعْنَا مِنْهُ الْوَتِينَ
However, holy books (Turah and its accessories and Bible and its accessories) are not in this way, but the history is the Jewish and Christianity religions and writes among them have written them. Hence, several persons have reported the history of Hazrat Isa in different ways and have formed four Bibles, Merghes, Luqa, Matthew and Yuhena).
We can consider ten orders (the travel of exit, chapter 20), the matters of Bible such as the sentence descended from the sky in the time of the washing of Hazrat Isa (the Bible of Mathew; chapter 3; NO. 17) as a similar divine message to the divine message of Quran. But it is not claimed that most of their matters are the remarks of God, but some Christian writers such as Ayan Barbur claim that some parts of Turah Book was written hundred years after Hazrat Musa. Even the event of the decease, burying and funeral ceremony of Hazrat Musa has been expressed old era. It is claimed that these matters have been inspired to the writers of holy books.
Some contemporary writers write about this case '' in spite of traditional thought dominated in Jewish-Christian societies that consider recorded writings in old and new eras as the inspiration of God toward prophets and saints. These books are divine messages descended over Hazrat Musa and Hazrat Isa that include the history of Bani Israeil and their events that common persons have written them over a long time. Of course, these books include orders and religious customs of the prophets of Bani Israeil and in this way, they use religious value. Apart from the reality that selected Gospels as legal books, the deeds of messengers, the theses of Pules and their formality among tens Bibles in the fourth century recorded in old era, they include a specific feature and are influenced by the thought of Greek Pules and the old enemy of Christ and Christians (Galatians v 1 p 14) and are influenced by Afrayysm, Mithraism and Genovesi interests.
Although some try to prove the validity and the reliability of different books of old era, they know that this is a futile attempt and express that matters recorded in these books are not acceptable at all.
Conclusion: since there is difference between the divine message of Quran and the divine message of a holy book, the language of these two holy books is different as well because Quran is the remark of sagacious and wise God that is true and real without inner conflict and contrast. However, the matters of a holy book that are the remarks of sinful persons are influenced by the culture of darkness era and the mistakes of writers or reporters. Consequently, it is not necessary that they are based on reality and wisdom and they may include inner contrasts and contrasts. Hence, some persons introduce the language of the religion, in fact, the language of a holy book is intended, methodological and useless. One of contemporary writers writes about this case '' according to the fact that the holy books of old and new eras are the understanding, inference, interests and tastes of hundreds persons with different motivations and according to the dictionary of the holy book that has been written for a thousand and hundred years, hence, it is natural that these writings have a lot of contrasts
On the other hand, it is observed that the content of these writings have a lot of conflicts in different cases a part from serious differences. For example, it is said in a book '' all of persons that follow the religion are cursed. No one in the presence of God is considered as a fair religion. Christ caused that Sharia did not curse us because he was cursed for our sake as it is written '' everyone that is hung is cursed (Galatians: v 3/ pp 10-13); '' the Sharia was through us in order to have us reach Christ, but when belief in God appeared, it was not through us any more'' (Galatians: v 3/ pp 24-25) and '' the Sharia is the source of sin and death'' (Rumian: v 3/ pp 7 -11 and p 20).
In other pages, the writer of the holy book, Mr. Pules, says
'' Hence, should we relate the verses of Sharia to false belief? But we should establish Sharia''. (Rumian: v 3/ p31); '' in conclusion, Sharia is holy and a holy, fair and good rule''. (Rumian: v 7/ p13)

:Difference in content

Quran introduces God without any partners and children and nothing is like him; hence, God has no body and Quran introduces prophets and their followers as immaculate persons. Moreover, Quran states true stories and distinguishes between prophets and votaries, poets, magicians and … Prophets brought miracles in order to prove the validity of their matters. However, miracles are different from spells done by magicians.
Quran is a miracle that summons rivals in each era. Quran emphasizes on thinking and pondering over and over again, but the current holy book is not in this way.
According to texts written by human, sometimes, God came to the earth with a material committee in an imaginary look and wrestled with his prophet and appeared in the thrice methodology, Ab, Ibn and Ruh Al-Ghodus, that is not understandable. (New era; Matthew p 19/ v 28, the second Garantians v 14 p 13; Kulosian p 16/ v 1; Abarian v 2 p 1) and sometimes, God appeared in body (the first Yuhenna pp 1-3).
In this kind of point of view, the prophets of God are common persons that are sinful, commit immoral actions and rape the female members of their families and the female members of other persons. (The travel of emerge v 20/ pp 20-27; v 19/ pp 30, 37, 38, 35, 49). It is common that they commit some sins such as conspiracy, lying and hypocrisy (the travel of emerge p 27; the second Samuel 11, 13 and 18; the early kings p 13; Ermia v 23 p 12; Ermia v 2 p 8). They sometimes curse each other and have prophetic mission (Merghes V 14/ p 71; Matthew v 16 p 19). Moreover, they have dark and disorganized record and murder and hurt a lot of persons. However, they achieve to revelation and gain prophetic mission at once (the deeds of prophets pp 7-9; Galatians v 1 p 14).
Miracle is a common approach in this point of view and it is said a supernatural and wonderful action that is done by magicians, priests, ascetics, astronomers and the doers of strange actions and they surprise people.
The existence of a lot of miracles in holy books represents that the nature of this event of God is Nasereh that it has special features such as the encouragement of the language of people (emerge v 11 pp 1-9); the cholera of herd (exit v 9 pp 1-7), the change of the face of Hazrat Musa ( exit v 24 p 29); the falling of the walls of Jericho( Joshua v 6 p 2).
The Christianity of Mohaghegh was based on the rejection wisdom from the beginning and Tertullian (150-230 A.D) expressed clearly '' I believe in it because it is a senseless and meaningless affair and Hamu expressed '' how is Ethene( the symbol of wisdom) related to Jerusalem ( the symbol of Christianity)?... and according to the point of view of scientists, '' faith in cross is the hanging of mind''.

Conclusion:

Since there are differences between the content of Quran and the content of holy books, the features of their language are different as well.
The language of the divine message of Quran is in line with nature and wisdom and God and his attributes do not need a symbolic language as a specific and general meaning and its stories are true and real not mythical and imaginary, but holy books have accepted these matters.