Era of Quran collection (2)

This matter demonstrates that the Quran was not left without any attention in the time of the life of the messenger of God (peace of Allah be upon him and his descendants) and a special attention was given to it. Such way was expected from an innocent leader such the messenger of God (peace of Allah be upon him and his descendants).
Narrations that refer to the collection of the Quran in the time of the messenger of God (peace of Allah be upon him and his descendants):
Bokhari has narrated
حَدَّثَنِي مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ بَشَّارٍ، حَدَّثَنَا يَحْيَى، حَدَّثَنَا شُعْبَةُ، عَنْ قَتَادَةَ، عَنْ أَنَسٍ رضى الله عنه قَالَ جَمَعَ الْقُرْآنَ عَلَى عَهْدِ النَّبِيِّ صلى الله عليه وسلم أَرْبَعَةٌ، كُلُّهُمْ مِنَ الأَنْصَارِ أُبَىٌّ، وَمُعَاذُ بْنُ جَبَلٍ، وَأَبُو زَيْدٍ، وَزَيْدُ بْنُ ثَابِتٍ. قُلْتُ لأَنَسِ مَنْ أَبُو زَيْدٍ قَالَ أَحَدُ عُمُومَتِي.
Ketab Al-Fazael, chapter Fazael Al-Ansar, hadith 3857, chapter Jam Al-Quran, hadith 5054, Sahih Al-Bokhari, v 6 p 103, Ketab Al-Tafsir, chapter Al-Ghara Min Ashab Al-Nabi, Va Zakara Aiza fi Bab Managheb Zeid Ben Thabet Fi Ketab Al-Managheb
Anas said '' four persons of the companions collected the Quran completely in the time of the messenger of God ( peace of Allah be upon him and his descendants) and all of them were the supporters, Abi and Maaz Ben Jabal , Abu Zeid and Zeid Ben Sabet. I said to Anas '' who is Abu Zeid?'' he said '' he is one of my uncles.
Ebn Hajar has said
وأخرج النسائي بإسناد صحيح عن عبد الله بن عمرو (بن العاص) قال : جمعت القرآن ، فقرأت به كل ليلة ، فبلغ النبي (ص) فقال : أقرأه في شهر. الحديث، وأصله في الصحيح.
Fath Al-Bari: v 9 p 47, Al-Sonan Al-Kobra Lelnesai, v 5 p 24, Mosnad Ahmad, v 2 p 163, Sahih Ibn Haban, v 3 p 33
Nesaei with valid document narrated that Abdullah Ben Umarv said '' I collected the whole Quran and recited the Quran every night. When the messenger of God (peace of Allah be upon him and his descendants) informed of this news, he bade ''recite it every night''. The origin of this narration has been said in book '' Sahih Bokhari.
Hakem Neishaburi narrated from Zeid Ben Sabet that said
كنا عند رسول الله (ص) نؤلف القرآن من الرقاع
We were in the presence of the prophet (peace of Allah be upon him and his descendants) and collected Quran from the pieces of cloth.
Then he said
هذا حديث صحيح على شرط الشيخين ولم يخرجاه .
Al-Mostadrak Ala Sahihein: v 2 p 611. Mosnad Ahmad, v 5 p 185, Sahih Al-Termezi, v 5 p 390
This narration is valid according to the opinion of Bokhari and Mosalam, but they have not mentioned it in their books.
This is a clear reason related to the fact that the Quran was collected in the time of the messenger of God (peace of Allah be upon him and his descendants).
Siuti narrates a lot of narrations that demonstrate that the Quran was collected in the messenger of God (peace of Allah be upon him and his descendants). If you like, you can refer to the following address.
Al-Etghan: v 1 p 62, 63
The Scientists that have accepted the first opinion:
In this area, some of the early and last scientists, their remarks were already said, have accepted the first opinion. In this part, their names are mentioned:
Sayad Morteza Elm Al-Hoda; Ghazi Abu Bakr Dar Entesar;
Baghvi;
Ayatollah Khui;
AlameRafei;
ManaGhatan;
Zaraghani and so forth
Narrations that are in contrast with collecting Quran in the time of messenger of God (peace of Allah be upon him and his descendants):
When it was proved, according to valid and wise narrations, that the Quran was collected in the time of messenger of God (peace of Allah be upon him and his descendants), narrations that are in contrast with this matter should be collected. These narrations are several classifications:
. 1. Narrations that demonstrate that Quran was collected in the time of Abu Bakr
2. Narrations demonstrate that Quran was collected in the time of Umar.
3. Narrations that demonstrate that Quran was collected in the time of Usman.
Narrations that demonstrate that Amir Momenan (peace be upon him) collected Quran after the decease of the messenger of God (peace of Allah be upon him and his descendants).
It has been narrated from Salman (may God be well pleased with him) in book Salim Ben Gheis''''
أن عليا ( عليه السلام ) بعد وفاة النبي (ص) لزم بيته وأقبل على القرآن يؤلفه ويجمعه ، فلم يخرج من بيته حتى جمعه ، وكان في الصحف والشظاظ والأسيار والرقاع - إلى أن قال : - فجمعه في ثوب واحد وختمه
Ketab Salim Ben Gheis: p 65
Imam Ali (peace be upon him) stayed at home after the decease of the messenger of God, he dealt with Quran and collected it. He did not leave his house until he collected it. Quran was written on paper, sticks, skin of animals and cloth. Then he collected the whole of Quran on cloth and sealed it.
We have no reason against the first opinion in these four narrations and we will explain each of them:
The meaning of collecting Quran in the time of Abu Bakr
At first, it should be said that the narrations of collecting Quran in the time of Abu Bakr are in contrast with other narrations:
Narrations about collecting Quran were in contrast with each other in the time of Abu Bakr:
Bokhari narrated that Umar went to Abu Bakr and he said to him
إني أرى أن تأمر بجمع القرآن ، فقال له أبو بكر : كيف تفعل شيئا لم يفعله رسول الله (ص) - إلى أن قال : - قال أبو بكر لزيد: «إنك رجل شاب لا نتهمك . . . قال زيد : فتتبعت القرآن أجمعه من العسب واللخاف وصدور الرجال».
Sahih Al-Bokhari: v 6 p 98, 102. Ketab Al-Ahkam, chapter Yastaheb Lel Kateb An Yakuna Amina Aghelan
It seems to order to collect Quran. Then Abu Bakr said to him '' how can we do an action that the messenger of God (peace of Allah be upon him and his descendants) has not done it yet. Then Abu BakrSaid to Zeid'' you are a young man and no one accuses you of being a bad man''. Zeid said '' hence, I try to find the whole of Quran and collect it from the peel of date, thin stones and persons that have memorized it''.
Sometimes, Anas narrates the opposite of this narration
«مات النبي (ص) ولم يجمع القرآن غير أربعة : أبو الدرداء ، ومعاذ بن جبل ، وزيد بن ثابت ، وأبو زيد ، ونحن ورثناه» .
Sahih Al-Bokhari: v 6 p 98, 102. Ketab Fazael Al-Quran: chapter Al-Ghara Min Ashab Al-Nabi
The messenger of God passed away whereas none of companions, except four persons (Abu DardaMaaz Ben Jabal, Zeid Ben Sabet and Abu Zeid that we have inherited it from), have collected Quran.
How is it possible to compare these two narrations?
We keep our previous idea and say that he collected Quran completely from left papers in the time of messenger of God. However, did Zeid and his companions write Quran from papers that have been collected in the house of messenger of God in another paper in the period of messenger of God? As Hares Mohasebi has said in book '' Fahm Al-Sonan
إنما أمر الصديق بنسخها من مكان إلى مكان مجتمعا وكان ذلك بمنزلة أوراق وجدت في بيت رسول الله (ص) فيها القرآن فجمعها جامع .
Siuti quoted the issue from him in Al-Etghan: v 1 p 60
Abu Bakr ordered to rewrite from some papers to other papers because they were in the house of messenger of God as scattered papers. Then a person collected the whole Quran as a book.
May Abu Bakr have ordered to collect scattered papers from the houses of the companions? Because some say that he took the book of Abu Bakr from papers in the hand of companion that had collected Quran and there were several transcriptions from Quran. The writers of revelation gave to the messenger of God (peace of Allah be upon him and his descendants) a transcription from what they had written and Hazrat Muhammad kept it in his house (in Amir Momenan) and the writers kept a similar transcription for themselves.
Refer To Tarikh Quran Doctor Ramiyar: p 71
We are against these two probabilities and there is a little time to discuss about these two probabilities; therefore, we mention a narration that confirms the second probability.
Talhe has said to Amir Momenan
ما أراك يا أبا الحسن أجبتني عما سألتك عنه من القرآن ، ألا تظهره للناس ؟ قال : يا طلحة عمدا كففت عن جوابك فأخبرني عما كتب عمر وعثمان أقرآن كله أم فيه ما ليس بقرآن ؟ قال طلحة : بل قرآن كله ، قال : إن أخذتم بما فيه نجوتم من النار ودخلتم الجنة . . . الخ .
Ketab Salim Ben Gheis: p 100
O' Aba Al-Hasan! You have not answered me whether you have collected Quran to show people? Hazrat Ali (peace be upon him) answered '' O' Talhe! I have not answered you on purpose. Inform me whatever Umar and Usman have written is the whole Quran or there is something that is not from the Quran?'' Talhe said '' it is the whole of Quran''. Hazrat Ali (peace be upon him) bade '' if you act to whatever is in Quran, you will get rid of fire and you will enter the heaven''.
The inheritors of the messenger of God (Ahle Biet) definitely received the Quran of the messenger of God and even the wives of the messenger of God did not receive it. If not, Abu Bakr would have ordered to rewrite the Quran of the messenger of God and there was no need to collect it from different places and the transcription that Amir Momenan (peace be upon him) provided was the transcription of the messenger of God (peace of Allah be upon him and his descendants); therefore, Talhe was not interested to see it. Hence, it can be said that the meaning of the narrations that demonstrate that the Quran was collected in the time of Abu Bakr is that Abu Bakr had Zeid rewrite the Quran from the transcriptions, written in the time of the messenger of God (peace of Allah be upon him and his descendants), that were in other writers such as: Abi Ben Kaab, Abu Al-Darda, Zeid Ben Sabet and …and collect it as a book. Abu Shame, according to what Siuti has narrated from him in book '' Alataghan'', refers to this matter and says
وكان غرضهم أن لا يكتب إلا من عين ما كتب بين يدي النبي(ص)لا من مجرد الحفظ .
Al-Etghan :v 1 p 60
His meaning was that they wrote whatever was written at sight and attention of messenger of God and not what they had memorized.
The purpose of collecting Quran in the time of Umar:
However, they say '' the first person that collected Quran in a book was Umar.
Montakhab Kanz Al-Emal Hamesh Mosnad Ahmad: v 2 p 45
This idea is weaker than the second opinion and a person from Sunni dignitaries has not accepted it and maybe the purpose is the same previous remark of Umar that was narrated from SahihBokhari that Umar told Abu Bakrto collect Quran as a book, but Umar did not collect the Quran as a book in the time of his caliphate.
The purpose of collecting Quran in the time of Usman:
Belief in collecting Quran in the time of Usman is in contrast with whatever has been gained from most of narrations because whatever has been said in these narrations is that Usman collected people to away of reciting Quran and it does not demonstrate collecting Quran.