Avicenna (Ibn Sina or Abu Ali Sina)

Avicenna (Ibn Sina or Abu Ali Sina) (980-1037) scientist, philosopher and doctor, has written 450 books in various fields, many of them in medicine and philosophy.
George Sarton knows him as one of the most famous scientists of the Islamic world in all times and all places and ethnicity. His famous book is ''the law''.
Ibn Sina or Poursina Hussein, the son of Abdullah was born in 370 AH and past years in the 428 AH, scientist, physician and philosopher. His name has been said Avicenna, Abu Ali Sina and pour Sina. In In some books his full name is mentioned with these titles: Hojatolkhalq Sharafolmolk Hussein bin Abdullah bin Hassan bin Ali Ibn Sina, Abu Ali Ibn Sina, Al-Bukhari.
He has several books and his most important books are ''Healing in philosophy'' and ''logic'' and ''law in medicine''.
" we should know Avicenna as the great alternative of Farabi and may be as the greatest representative of Islamic civilization wisdom.
His importance in the history of Islamic philosophy is so much because no Muslim scholar could discuss and investigate the all components of the philosophy that was at that time the reasonable encyclopedia of all sciences and he is the first and greatest person who is responsible for this outcome in numerous books and clear style
(Education and science in Iran, p. 125)
According to his own saying about his biography quoted by his disciple Abu Obeid Jowzajani as:
''My father Abdullah was from Balkh. In the days of Noah, the son of Mansour Samani came to Bukhara. At that time Bukhara was one of the big cities
My father’s work was bureaucratic career and he was assigned to work in the Khoramyshen village. Afshaneh was a village near that village.
There, my father got married to my mother whose name was Setareh and I was born in the month of Safar in 370.
They named me Hussein. Later my father moved to Bukhara. There I had some teachers to learn the holy Quran and literature. The tenth year of my life I was mastered in Quran and literature such that my teachers were surprised of my knowledge.
At that time, a man named Abu Abdullah came to Bukhara who knew some knowledge of his time. My father brought him to home Maybe I can learn some more knowledge. When Natal came to our home I was learning Fiqh with a teacher named Ismail Zahid and I was his best student. I had specialties in debate that was the way of scientists.
Natal taught me logic and geometry and when he saw that I am very capable in gaining knowledge he told my father not to force me to do anything except learning knowledge.
I tried to think about what Natal says and consider his saying in my mind and I acted to investigate it, and it was brighter and better than what my teacher. Then I completed logic by him and I was better than my teacher in this skill.
When Natal went from Bukhara, I continued my research and study of the natural knowledge of God and shortly after that I knew I am interested in medicine.
I read carefully all the old books that doctors had written and since learning medicine's science was not difficult I learnt it in the shortest time and I gained great achievements in the field of medicine so that scientists turned to me and became my students.
I cured patients and at the same time I was aware of other sciences. I studied logic and philosophy again. And I studied philosophy more and I spent a year and a half on this work. During this time most nights I did not sleep and most days I just studied.
After that I wanted to learn theology and I began studying a metaphysics book of Aristotle, but did not understand the author's purpose.
So I read it again and I repeated reading it for forty times as I had memorized its content but I could not understand its truth.
The purpose of author had ambiguity and I would be disappointed, and I consider myself as not being able to learn this knowledge.
One evening I was passing the booksellers market and I saw a peddle bookseller who had a book in his hand and he was looking for a buyer.
He insisted me to buy it; I bought it, the purposes of metaphysics written by Abu Nasr Farabi. When I got home, I immediately began to read it and I realized the truth of metaphysics that it was difficult for me.
I was very happy having had a great success. The next day to thank God that He had helped me to solve this problem, I gave many alms to the poor. At this time of the year were 387 and I was just 17 years old.
When I was 18 years, Noah, son of Mansour became ill, doctors could not cure him and since my fame and name was well known in the medical they took me to the doorway and asked Noah to call me to his bedside. I cured him and then I was permitted to come to the library and study. I saw many books there that most people did not even know their names and I had never seen them before. It was very beneficial for me to read them.
A few days after later my father died and my life changed. I went from Bukhara to Gorgang in Khwarazm.
I spent a few days in that country very honorable and its ruler respect me a lot. I authored several books there and I found success in that city.
Earlier I had also written some books in Bukhara. At this time, the world had changed. I abandoned Gorgang.
I was roaming in cities for a while until I reached Gorgan and I went from there to the village and I came back again to Gorgan and settled there for a while I stayed in the city and I wrote some books. Abu Obeid Jowzajani came to me in Gorgan.
Abu Obeid Jowzajani said: this was what my teacher told me about his life. When I joined him I was with him until the end of his life.
I learned a lot from him and I've written many of his books. My teacher later went to Rey and worked for Majdodoleh.
He was one of the Dailami rulers who suffered from Soda disease and he was treated by ibn Sina. Then he went to Qazvin and then to Hamedan, where he stayed for a long time.
In this city he was granted to the stance of the Ministry of Shamsoldoleh Dailami who was the ruler of Hamadan. At the same time, my teacher wrote his famous book ''law''. And he began to write the great book of ''healing'' because I insisted him a lot.
When Shams al-Dole died, and his successor was his son
Professor ibn Sina refused his request and did not accept the ministry position again. And later they charged him that he is corresponding with the ruler of Isfahan and so he was caught up in prison.
He wrote 3 books in prison. After his release from prison he was in Hamedan for a while then he secretly left Hamedan.
Then he went to Isfahan. I and his brother and two others got along with him.
After so many Difficulties we come to Isfahan. Alaodoleh, the ruler of Isfahan accepted my teacher very warmly and welcomed him.
Ibn Sina finished his book '' healing'' in this city. In the 428 on a trip to Hamadan, he fell ill and died in that city and he was buried in that city Hamedan.
The most important works of Ibn Sina
Alshfa’ or in Persian the Healing: This book is the author's most important and comprehensive work that is a peripatetic school and expresses his personal opinion. This Book is a kind of encyclopaedia including logic, mathematics, physics and theology written in the year 410 AH. At the beginning of the book, there is a saying of Abu Obeid Abdul Rahman Mohammad Jowzajani which represents the purpose of the author and the extent of his adherence to Aristotle. Part of logic has nine techniques and each technique has several articles. Their topics include entries, categories, analogy, argument, fallacy, and poetry. This part forms four volume of the collection.
The poems of ibn Sina
Ibn Sina also has composed so many poems written in Arabic and even he mentioned scientific issues in poems.
He has some poems in Persian too and some of them have come in the name of others.
According to their style and meaning we hesitate to attribute them to Ibn Sina. Here we brought a selection of Poems by Ibn Sina:
The food of soul is divine wine
Whose colour from a distance colours the flower
Eliminates rust colour from Grieve soul
One will be prosperous if he drinks a grill
Taste bitter like the advice of father but helpful
Diriment to the void and right to the wise
Wine is prohibited due to ignorance
Like moon that was half due to deniers of religion
Wisdom made it legal for wise
And law has forbidden it for stupid
What is the fault of wine that stupid drinks it
Opens lewd language to the deck of cards
Halal for rationally and haram for ignoramuses
Wine is the separator and evil and good are derived from it
I am the servant of that wine
It's one sip makes two thousand species of sweat
If you drink wisely Like ibn Sina
Swear by God that you will approach to God
***************
I was a few days in the world
I went with wind on the soil
One hour blessing and moment anger
I polluted my clean soul
My nature ridiculed the wise
I praised the stupid due to greed
I set a fire from my heart
And destroyed my honour
With greed and evil desires
I was not happy for an hour
At last when it was the end of the work
I went
One does not know where I went
I do not know where I was
* * * * * * * * * * * * * *
Wine is the result of eternal life, give it
It is the Investment of youth, give it
It burns like fire, but
It discharges Sadness like water, give it