Trade adventurers, intelligence service and Iran – Part one

With an emphasis on Jewish links
Political and trade relations between Iran and the UK, which travels of Anthony Jenkinson and five next boards of Moscow company to the court of Shah Tahmaseb Safavi, King of Persia (1524-1576C.) is the beginning of it, had inextricably and profound link with British intelligence from the beginning of history .To investigate this phenomenon depicts the trilateral relationship between the Jewish plutocracy, intelligence organization and commercial companies in the UK that had continued nearly for 5/4 centuries since the establishment of the Moscow company.
An institution which is called "SIS (Secret Intelligence Service)” and has a great reputation and is known as the mother of intelligence services of the West. It was formed during the reign of Elizabeth around a new class that emerged during "the English Reformation," of the wave of lootings of Churches and monasteries, and organized British invasion to Atlantic and India and Pacific oceans and compete and battle with global empire of Spain- Portugal during Elizabethan era. Historians recognize Sir William Cecil (Lord Beverly), adviser and the Justice Minister of Queen Elizabeth and the ancestor of the family of Sicily (Lords Salisbury), as the founder of the organization. The mentioned organization, which was called "the Secret Service of Majesty the Queen" at the beginning, was under the chairmanship of Sir Francis Walsingham in an important part of Elizabeth’s period. Britannica considers its founding in imitation of the Venetians model and explains the story:
In the fifteenth century the Italian city-states began establishing permanent embassies in the capitals of foreign countries. Venetians used these foreign agencies for informational purposes, and they even established codes by which information was confidentially transferred. In the sixteenth century other European governments followed this procedure ... Queen Elizabeth imposed a significant intelligence service and his Foreign Minister, Sir Francis Walsingham, developed a network including of several groups of intelligence agents stationed in foreign territories. He hired students who were graduated from the universities of Oxford and Cambridge and developed political tricks and he invented tools and methods for encrypting and decrypting.
Walsingham is one of the faces that were raised and discovered by Sir William Cecil and was one of the closest friends of Sicily for a lifelong. He did not belong to the leading families of the British era. He knew multiple languages and had extraordinary ability to "organize espionage activities". In addition, he was supposedly zealous and vengeful enemy of Catholic, and according to Britannica "he discovered some Catholics’ dangerous plots against the queen." Because of these functions, he could enter the House of Commons in 1563. In the same year he was officially responsible for obtaining information on foreign intelligence activities by William Cecil. After seven years, he was sent to Paris as an ambassador and he had this office for three years (1570-1573). Walsingham in this period and in subsequent years played an important role in support of William I of Orange (William the Silent) and Dutch rebels against Philip II of Spain. He probably had a role in provoking the revolution of North Holland in 1572 and even tried to win the support of Charles IX of France for the Dutch rebels. This is the famous plot that raised anger of Catherine Medici, Charles’s mother, and caused the "murder of Saint Barthelemy” (1572).The aim of these disruptive stimulations, was weakening Spanish empire and grabbing on its American colonies. Walsingham after returning to England, in September 1573 was replaced as foreign minister of Elizabeth, and he was in this office until his death. The most controversial conspiracy of Walsingham in this period was discovering the so-called conspiracy of Mary Stuart, deposed and imprisoned Queen of Scotland because of the murder of Mary Elizabeth, which led to the tragic execution of Mary. This story is known as "Babington plot" and from the outset, connects the British intelligence agency with bloody conspiracies and fraudulent deceptions.
the way Britannica depicts the establishment of the SIS and represents it as a continuation of the informational legacy of Venetians is the confirmer of emphasize on important role of Sebastian Cabot of Venice and Moscow company in ongoing conspired and information endeavors of United Kingdom of that age. This analysis, however, is not inconsistent with the claim that we should know the “Jewish intelligence network" as "the father of intelligence agencies of New West". In fact, in deeper investigations, we will find out that the "mythical" reputation of SIS, from the beginning, was due to its links with the Jewish plutocracy.
In the study of Jewish ties of "adventurers of London" and the company of Moscow, the first thing to be noticed is suspicious nature and communications of Sebastian Cabot, the person who headed "commercial adventurers company' in Edward VI and Mary Tudor ages; and he was known as the founder and first president of the Moscow company, and he is the one who made Chancellor and his companions to go on the mentioned journey. Cabot, besides his own lineage and quite suspicious connections and originality, was at the service of Ferdinand the Catholic and Charles V Habsburg, the grandson of Ferdinand and King of Spain (1516-1556) and Holy Roman’s Emperor (1519-1556) for long years (1512-1547). We have discussed about the role of the Jewish plutocracy in Ferdinand’s courts and his wife, Isabel Castile, in detail. Karl the first of Spain and Charles V of Habsburg is the empire which is revered by Jewish sources as "the angel supporting Jews". We have spoken about the influence of the Spanish royal families Santangl and Sanchez in his Spanish court and presence of Juzlman Rushymy in his Vienne court, and the role of suspicious plotters such as Agrippa and Giume Postel in his intelligence operations and also about " crusade Jihad " in 1335 in North Africa.
The second factor that reveals the Jewish communications of "commercial adventurers" of London and the SIS from the beginning of its establishment is a well-known network of secret Jews that existed in England from the first half of the sixteenth century. According to the Jewish Encyclopedia, in the first half of the sixteenth century Dionysius Rodriguez, the doctor of Manuel (Manuel wealthy) and John III, Kings of Portugal, immigrated to England and became a "secret member of the Jewish community”.
We know another person named Hector Nanz that belonged to the secret Nanz Jewish family, living in Portugal. This family was so influential, especially was very active in the overseas movements in the American continent and had close links with Mendes family and its various branches. Monash Ben-Israel, a prominent Jewish thinker, who influenced on British intellectual circles in the seventeenth century, is from the same family. Hector Nanz was born in Portugal and settled in London in 1550, three years before the Chancellor’s trip to Moscow, and he continued his activities as a ”Christian” as in the past. In 1554 he became a member of the "Royal College of Physicians" and "The Royal College of Surgeons' of the Britain.” doctor Hector Nanz " (he was known by this) besides being a doctor was a great businessman, too, and after ascension of Elizabeth and the establishment of SIS, his world trade network was an information source for Sir Francis Walsingham. Jewish Encyclopedia represents Hector Nanz as "a community leader of the hidden Jews of England" and adds: "his huge commercial operation in the Mediterranean region enabled him to provide news and information on the UK, and he was the first one who gave the news of the arrival of the Spanish Armada’s Fleet into Lisbon to Sir Francis Walsingham. The mentioned source has introduced doctor Hector Nanz as “Walsingham’s friend" and wrote elsewhere: "Hector Nanz was the leader of secular hidden Jews’ society in Elizabethan era in London and his commercial brokers [network] were a source of information of the queen in the continent”. coincided with the early years of the settlement of Hector Nanz in London, one of his relatives named Henrik Nanz also settled in Bristol, the second most important port in England, and at least in the years 1553-1555, That coincided with Chancellor’s travels to Moscow, he was the leader of the secret Jewish community in the city. He immigrated to France during the reign of Mary Tudor and Philip.
Another leader of the Jewish secret organization of Britain, who had an effective and mysterious role in the intelligence machinations and overseas operations, is Rodrigo Lopez, special physician of Elizabeth. He belonged to the Lopez family which is one of the most influential Jewish secret families, and as we shall see, probably one or two members of the Albuquerque delegation to the court of first Safavid Shah Ismail (1515) were from this family. Rodrigo Lopez moved from Portugal to London in the early reign of Elizabeth, and he became the special physician of Robert Dudley (Earl of Leicester), the soul mate of Elizabeth, and became the Elizabeth’s physician since 1586. Lopez had a close relationship with Walter Drew and his son Robert Drew (Earl of Essex I); Lopez and Robert Drew (Earl of Essex II) operated collusive activities that led to British support of Don Antonio who was maintainer of crown of Portugal, and the war against Philip II of Spain and Portugal’s king. This is the beginning of a major riot that the British colonial empire raised from inside it. Later Don Antonio and Lopez disputed and had some disagreements, and apparently he negotiated with the Philip’s court to pay money so that they poison Antonio. Around early 1594, probably because of hostility to the family of Sicily, Drew represented some evidences in which Lopez was in charged with conspiracy to poison Queen Elizabeth. Lopez was arrested and was executed on June 7 this year. Rodrigo Lopez was a close relative of Alvaro Mendes (Sulaiman ibn Yaish), and he was physician and advisor to the Ottoman Sultan.
Sir Thomas Gresham’s communications, a prominent businessman and banker of Elizabethan era, has a great importance place because of the Jewish ties of commercial adventurers company, and consequently the company of Moscow. In addition, biography of Gresham, who is known as the founder of the "Stock Exchange" of London, reveals the links between commercial-financial endeavors and information operations in the UK in late sixteenth century; and completes the image that historians had of "the police structure" of England in the time. The Thomas is the one who Gresham James Anderson called him Grand Master of Freemasonry of Southern England. This issue is also an evidence of hidden links of Gresham with certain centers, and he founded Freemasonry in order to fulfill his objectives, later in the early eighteenth century.
Gresham belonged to a merchant family who were residents of Britain, and his eldest brother, Sir John Gresham, was a big businessman in London. Thomas worked as an apprentice at the sight of his brother after completion of study at Cambridge, and he became a member of the "London trading company" in 1543. He settled in the ports of the Lower lands (Brussels and Antwerp) as an intelligence agent of the British court and began spying and smuggling. We know that a secret branch of Mendes, the Jewish family, inhabited in Brussels besides Antwerp and Hamburg in the sixteenth century. In 1551, the court of Edward VI, recommended or sponsored by the William Cecil, assigned Gresham to settle the heavy debt of UK to dealers of Antwerp, Brussels, Venice, and Hamburg. The debt was incurred at the time of Henry VIII and the British pound’s value was reduced in foreign trades to the extent that any of the 32 shillings of sterling at the beginning of the reign of Henry VIII turned to 16 shillings in 1551. Gresham’s proposal to increase the value of the British pound, which in fact should be recognized as a Jewish plutocracy scheme, was giving the British monopoly of foreign trade to commercial adventurers company of London, the same company that Sebastian Cabot headed there now. The device was effective and shortly after it, in the foreign exchanges, the value of the pound was increased to 22 shillings. Gresham became one of the country's financial and political figures after returning to Britain; and in 1559 received a "knight" title. He established "Royal Financial Exchange" of London In the year 1566-1568 that became known as the "stock". The new entity was formalized in 1571 with receiving the Elizabeth’s command, which is no doubt an imitation of newly founded Hamburg’s "exchange”, and its designers and founders were Jewish. According to Britannica, around half of the sixteenth century, about three-quarters of the British foreign trade were in hands of British officials of this company, that some of them were as banker and adviser of the House of Tudor king.
Perhaps part or all of the liabilities of the British court, that Gresham was in charge of handling it, belonged to the Jewish plutocracy, especially commercial-banking Institute of Mendes. Therefore, Gresham certainly had close relationships with Garcia and Joseph Nasi, the operators of Mendes Institute, and other Jewish plutocracy in Antwerp and Brussels and Hamburg, when he was in mentioned ports; and basically it was his mission. The important thing is that shortly after granting the decree of the foreign trade’s monopoly to the British trade Adventurers Company at a time (1553), two important historical events occurred: seemingly random Chancellor’s trip to Russia and establishment of Garcia Nasi in (Mendes) in the Ottoman. After a short time in 1555, the Moscow Company was founded by John and Thomas Gresham was and led by Sebastian Cabot, a former broker of Charles V of Habsburg, Ottoman’s famous enemy.
Understanding the history of the most important and mysterious Jewish family which was known and famous with the Portuguese name of Mendes since the first half of the sixteenth century with, is difficult and perhaps impossible. However, we know that the Mendes family is rooted in two families of Abandana and Ben Venizet during the Crusades in Iberian Peninsula. The first known person to the Ben Venizet’s family is Sheshit Nasi, head of the Jews of Barcelona, in the first half of the eleventh century C./ fifth century H. Sheshit Nasi’s family in the Islamic period of Barcelona’s history, were known with a name like "Ibn Bani Saad" (?). After the Christian domination on Barcelona, this name changed to "Ibn Banist" and finally it became Ben Venizet that in Spanish means "welcome" as well. Arab-Persian name of "Ibn Dana" changed to “Abendana” in the eyes of Christians, too. In the sixteenth century, various branches of this family in Christian Europe were known as the names of Mendes, Mendoza, Abandana, Pereira, Auzurio, Belmont, Debritu and etc; and in the Ottoman Empire they were known at least by the name of Ibn Nahmias. In 1492, the journey of Christopher Columbus and in the fall of Granada and during the reign of Bayezid II, a member of this family emigrated from Spain to Constantinople (Istanbul) where he was named David Ben Nahmias and continued his activities in Ottoman. His brother and his son were with him as well, who were both named Shmuel. They published Jewish books in Istanbul since 1493; they also published a version of the "Pentateuch" with margins of Solomon ibn Ishaq rash (Schlesinger family’s ancestor) and David Kamhy Nurbuny and epistles of Abraham ibn Ezra in the early sixteenth century. Branches of this family inherited in North Africa and especially in the ports of Fez (Morocco): in the first half of the sixteenth century, a group of family members of Mendes immigrated to Algeria and had an important role in Jewish network based in the land. In the late seventeenth century and early eighteenth century, Gideon Mendes, Amsterdam plutocracy, was Netherlands’ Consul in Morocco, and his descendants were staying in the port of Agadir in Morocco until the mid-twentieth century.
Mendes family’s name is strange and deep connection with the history of European overseas invasion. Along with the opening of the seaway of Portugal-India and significant boom in world trade of drugs in the early sixteenth century, the mentioned family members settled in the Iberian Peninsula and Islamic countries besides in the ports of Antwerp, Brussels, Hamburg, London and Amsterdam; and organized cosmopolitan network of Jewish oligarchy. In the first half of the sixteenth century, the most important center of this family’s activity was in Antwerp in the name of commercial-banking Institute of Mendes. We mentioned that Diogo Mendes was known as Europe's greatest spice merchant at his time.
At the same time, Fernando (Abraham) and Manuel Pereira, Manuel Pereira’s sons Kutinu Lisboni from the mentioned family’s members were settled in Hamburg by name and appearance of a Christian. We said that revealed and secret Jews of Hamburg had trade of the colonial goods of this port in their hands in the sixteenth century. These people were the ones who played an important role in the establishment of the stock market of this port in 1558; and they had a crucial role in establishment of "Hamburg bank” in 1619. And we know that the port of Hamburg had deep ties with endeavors of "commercial adventurers company of London” and Moscow company to the extent that the Moscow Company moved its international trade center from London to Hamburg since 1611. Another family member of mentioned family is Francisco Nanz Pereira that is also known as "Humm". He was living in the Netherlands around 1598, and announced his Judaism with the name "David Abandana" (David Ben-wise). In the seventeenth century, we can find his descendants in New York’s port: One is David Abandana who was in New York around the year 1681, and other one is Mordechai Abndana who died in 1690 at this port. Founders Pedro Pereira and Pereira De Paiva (Antonio Doporto ) and Fernando Mendes Henriquez, who had role in running extensive business operations in partnership with the East India of Dutch and Britain Companies since the years 1686-1689, belonged to the same family. The other member of the family is Isaac Pereira that is one of the greatest money changers and merchants in London in the late seventeenth century and the first half of the eighteenth century. We do not have more information about him. Another member of the family in the eighteenth century is Isaac Abandana, diamond merchant, who was the adviser and close friend of Thomas Pitt (Pitt family’s ancestor); and we also know that Fernando Mendes, the special physician of Catherine Braganza, was the Portuguese wife of King Charles II of England (the bride who transferred property of Bombay and Tangier ports to the court of England as her marriage dowry) and he was the grandson of Fernando, in name of the founder of Mendes, from the first class wealthy men of London in the first half of the eighteenth century. Mendes descendants of the founding family chose name of "head" and his grandson, Sir Francis Bond Head, was the ruler of Upper Canada for a while. From the current generation of Head family, we know Anthony Henry Head that was named Visconti Head in 1960. In 1935 he married to Lady Dorothy Ashley Cooper, daughter of Earl Shaftesbury ninth. With his death (1983) his son, Richard Anthony Head, became second Visconti Head. Therefore, the Head family is the close relative of Cooper family (Earl Hay Shaftesbury), and Earl Shaftesbury the tenth is cousin of the second Viscount Head. This is a continuation of a longstanding bond between the Earl Shaftesbury first, the famous conspirator of British history, and Jewish plutocracy of Amsterdam since the seventeenth century. In the current generation of Head family, we also know Audrey Head that is one of the major operators and managers of Hill Samuel's financial centers.
In the Belmont branch of the above family we also know famous figures: one of them is Jacob Israel whose Christian-Spanish name was Diego Nanz Belmont. He emigrated from Spain to the Netherlands, where he was stationed in the port of Amsterdam In the early seventeenth century. Another member of the family is Isaac (Manuel) Nanz Belmont, who was a wealthy businessman, and he became the broker since 1664, and was the Plenipotentiary Minister residing in Spain in the Netherlands since 1674, and he established two "Literary Associations" in Amsterdam in the years 1676 and 1685. Isaac Nanz became a count by Emperor Leopold the third in 1693; and at the same time the King of Spain gave him baronetcy. He did not get married and so his aristocratic titles and diplomatic career were given to his nephew, Baron Francisco (Isaac), Khi mens and then to his son, Manuel Khi Mens. Franz von Shunenberg, the Dutch diplomat of first half of the eighteenth century, belonged to the same family and his Spanish name is "Jacob Abraham Belmont". Another member of the family is Isaac Nanz Belmont that lived in in Izmir (Ottoman) in the late eighteenth and early nineteenth century, and has description of the works of Maimonides's literature.
Mendes family, with any Jewish or Christian or Islamic name to be recognized, had close family ties with the noble family of Levi and other major secret and revealed Jewish families of the sixteenth century such as Lopez and Nanz and Gomez and Gompertz and Fonseca and Takzirah and Nansi and others, and made a single set of construction . In my opinion, all of these networks and secret and similar Jewish families and (Marano) are the continuation of the family of the "princes David" of Islamic era in Baghdad and Andalusia that since long time ago, the family of Levi (Lev) was the main the core of this family, and probably Mendes family is also one of the branches of the Levy family. (Note that a branch of his family is named "head" which in English means "Boss" or "Nansi"). The Jewish Encyclopedia mentions Nehmias branch as "a very old and remarkable family of Spain". This is also mirrored in support of the mentioned idea. Rothschild family also can be a branch of the family of Levi, but ancient history of the Rothschilds before Ishaq al-Hani Frankfurt (d. 1585) is carefully kept hidden in order to not have an extremely frightening and enlightening picture of the amazing continuity of the Jewish oligarchy. Whether the excavations of the genealogy proved this assumption or not, there is no doubt that the information operations and ongoing conspiracy of Jewish oligarchs, including the Mendes family’s members, in the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries, has a great similarity to similar operations of Rothschilds in the nineteenth and twentieth centuries. This confirms our earlier analysis of whatever Professor Richard Davis of Virginia Kavlos and other "information network of Rothschilds" have called, has been existed from the vacuum, and this title is in fact name of a network that has been functional since the Jewish plutocracy and Europe oligarchy’s union during the Crusades.
With respect to such records and backgrounds, can we accept that movements of the Moscow Company and sending delegations to Russia and Bukhara and Iran, were not linked to mentioned Jewish network? Does understanding these linkages, which connected seemingly unrelated above events, represent a picture of an interconnected network and an organized plan? And is it not because of historical role of Garcia Nansi in this project, who the Encyclopedia of Jews has called her as "the most prominent Jewish women since the fall of the Jewish state till today”? This is a very important element in explaining the political developments of that era that must inevitably be scrutinized.
the immigration of Garcia Nansi (Mendes) to the Ottoman (1553) and shortly after that Joseph Nansi joining her (1554), which coincided with Chancellor’s visit of the Russia and start of Moscow company’s endeavors in Russia and CIS countries and the Caucasus, and Iran, was as a turning point in the struggles of influential and conspiratorial Jewish focus which their new presence began in the court of the Ottoman Empire since Bayezid II and Selim I in the late fifteenth and early sixteenth century and immigration of people like David Ben Nehmias. This focus achieved great power in the last decades of the reign of (1520-1566) Selim I (legal, pompous, magnificent) which was known as a period of political and economic corruption and degeneration of his administration, and especially since the reign of (1566-1574) Selim II and his vicar (1574-1595) Morad the third, had a big impact on politics and economy of the Ottoman, and Iran. Thus, inevitably the mentioned Jewish center, especially because of its role in provoking the Ottoman war against Iran, should be recognized as an important and effective element in the political developments of the sixteenth century in Iran. The authority of this focus about the court and harem of Solomon is linked with that period of Ottoman history, which continued, about a century, to climb of Muhammad Köprülü (1656), and it is known as the "era of the harem and eunuchs’ rule" or "the kingdom of women”.
The political power of women and eunuchs of the Sultan’s harem and their increasingly interfers in the affairs of government began with a woman called "Roxelana" or "Hurrem Sultan” and her cruel ongoing machinations are reminder of the myth of" Esther”. Roxelana was apparently a Russian slave in the early reign of Solomon who was introduced to the Ottoman court by Crimean Khan. The story is well known. However, her originality was so that foggy that "French historians assumed her as a French woman and called her Rexelana”; and probably spread of the rumor of being Jewish of Ottoman Selim II was observer to same suspicious Rexelana’s thing. However, the Rexelana became beloved woman and mother of Solomon’s four sons and operated bloody conspiracies including the murder of Mustafa (5 October 1553), the eldest son of Solomon from the first wife of him, that had the aim of transferring the sultanate to one of her sons. This is a process that eventually led to the reign of Selim II.