Financial aristocracy and the Revolution of 1848 - 1

Author: Abdollah Shahbazi
The emergence of the financial aristocracy
Louie-Philippe had two main enemies: first, Legitimist, namely those who considered the Bourbon dynasty ruling as a "legal" government of France and they regarded the Orleans, a branch of the Bourbon dynasty as an illegitimate govern-ment; second, the Republicans.
The latter range (Republicans) was divided in a broad range: in the left wing there were intellectuals who defended the ideals of social justice in the interest of poor people, either right or wrong, sincere or deceitful, and generally they were inspired by the ideas of the socialist, Christian and they were more materialistic. In this wing there were adventurers and demagogues like Louie Blanci and such political charlatans were not low. (3)In the right wing there were people like Lamartine and Thiers and Caveniyak and Krmyv. This group took the power with the fall of Louie Filipe. In fact, in this time the relatives of Louie Philippe and Guizot blocked the way for the creation of wealth for other financial contempo-rary centers in France. This group, which had the support of the middle classes, mainly was organized in the Masonic lodges. Thus, in the last years of the reign of Louis Philippe, an important part of the French bourgeoisie was tired of his rule and they do not like the perpetuation of the status quo.
Finally, in 1847, France was swept by a deep economic crisis and rule of corruption was soared on all aspects of French government. Louie-Philippe, in order to consolidate his rule, began corrective measures since July 1848, including greater freedom to the opposition. This effort was late and the consequent was rise of revolutionary sentiments among the masses. Finally, on 21 February 1848 protests began that led Louie Philippe dismiss Guizot, the Prime Minister. Riots in the streets of Paris began on February 23 and February 24, Louie Philippe resigned. The king and queen fled to London in disguise with a British passport in the name of "Mr. and Mrs. Smith". Louis-Philippe died two years later in England.
In such environment a suspicious political adventurer of the family of Bonaparte appeared on the political scene in France. Louis Bonaparte rushed from London to Paris, went up to his claim, "in the shadow of the French Great Republic flag" as well. Gradually the number of his followers increased and in the September 10, of 1848 he was elected as the president of France. The February 1848 French revolution, had a tragic end like the revolutions of 1789 and 1830 of the country. Four years later, during a coup, Louis Bonaparte, took all political power of France into his hands and then called himself "Napoleon III" Emperor of France.
The fall of Louis-Philippe had wide repercussions across Europe. The revolutionary waves, particularly in Prussia and Austria broke out and ended the long authority of Metternich. During the Revolution of 1848, only two European coun-tries remained quiet: England and Russia. London habitats for thousands who fled from the revolution, including Louis Philippe, Metternich and Guizot, and San Petersburg became a firm bastion of revolution oppressors. Nicholas I, Tsar of Russia defeated Hungary's uprising and he revived the House of Habsburg monarchy by his military force in the country and he returned his brother in law Friedrich Wilhelm IV, King of Prussia, to Berlin. During these crackdowns, Nicholas I's became known as the "Iron Tsar" and "gendarme of Europe".
Anthony Alpher, a British scholar, wrote that although "the predictive power of the Rothschild was elusive due to their advanced intelligence service” However, the pace of bombings of 1848 in Europe was surprising for all, even the Roth-schild. Louis-Philippe, "the Parisian customer of the Rothschild" escaped from Paris and lived decently on the outskirts of London. Baron James de Rothschild of France pledged his London nephew, Baron Lionel de Rothschild to meet his most urgent needs and the value of paper money decreased. (Lionel was 16 years smaller than James.) Then it was turn of Metternich to escape London in the same situation.
The Virginia Kavls writes: following the escalation of riots in France, Lionel Rothschild immediately went from London to Paris to help his uncle and he donated fifty thousand francs to the Paris police chief to provide a guard for Baron James Rothschild palace. In the days of rioting and street barricades James spend much money to protect himself and his property so he paid the revolutionary government law enforcement officials. In the book of Virginia Kavls the money is mentioned 250 and 500 thousand francs.
At this time, Defense Minister of the interim government and the real ruler of France, General Caveniyak, was the ruler of Algeria (1832-1848), who was a close friend of Rothschild. Caveniyak was the real dictator of France sometime after the fall of Louis-Philippe. Thus, in chaos of France riots, Baron James de Rothschild was in his office in France and watching the events and the guard of "revolutionary government" protected his home, property and his office.
On June 28, 1848, the revolutionary newspaper named ‘’the alarm of workers‘’ wrote an article addressed Baron James de Rothschild as “you are prodigy sir!" The article says:
‘’Louis Philippe fell, Guizot disappeared, a constitutional monarchy and parliamentary procedures disappeared, but you have not moved! Though you were hit first. Wealth disappears, honors violated, domination fall breaks, but Jewish, the Sultan of our time, remained on his throne...
This paper, then, wants James Rothschild to join the French Republic and give the "power of money" in service of "the fate of the people".
‘’You are more than a governor. You are the symbol of credit. Is not the time that the bank, the powerful mean of middle classes, to help fulfill the destiny of the people?
This article clearly shows the dominant position of James Rothschild in the economy of France that day, a place so secure that even the most radical rebel circles of Paris, fearing the disastrous financially consequences, and they do not dare to attack it. Given this situation it is not surprising that Baron James de Rothschild, the private banker of Louis Philippe was a bit later as the adviser of General Caveniyak.
It should be noted that the survival of the Jewish oligarchy, headed by Rothschild during the revolutions of 1830 and 1848 in Europe was not only due to their economic and financial influence. Since July 1830 revolution was without any serious danger. Undoubtedly their influence in the hidden conspiracy and the Masonic organization of Europe had a key role in maintaining the rule.
One of the most useful resources for understanding the position of the Rothschild in the government of Louis-Philippe, investigating the causes of the French Revolution of 1848 and the positions of the Jewish oligarchy in the events of this time are articles that Frederick as a young journalist wrote with close follow-up events in the British press.
In September 1846, coinciding with the beginning of the economic crisis that eventually led to the fall of Louis Philippe, Engels, in an article titled "Government and opposition in France," described the French parliament as follows:
‘’At least three fifths of the members of parliament were the Friends of ministers- In other words, they are the big capital-ists, contractors and speculators of rail in Paris stock market, bankers, factory owners, etc., or servants to obey them. The current parliament, more than all previous periods, shows the realization of the word of Laffite the day after the July Revolution [1830]. He said: ‘now we, the bankers will rule on France. This parliament is the most prominent witness on the claim that the French government is in the hand of "big rich aristocracy, big bourgeoisie. The fate of France is neither in the cabinet of Tuileries, nor in the palace of the House of Lords, and not even in Parliament House of representatives, but it is determined on the Paris stock market. And the actual ministers are neither Mr. Guizot nor Doshateh, but Mr. Rothschild, Fold and other big bankers of Paris whose great wealth has made them to become the most outstanding rep-resentatives of their class. They rule on the Council of Ministers and the Council of Ministers care that no one other than workers in the current system, and those who benefit from this system, do not enter the parliament. At this time, they have achieved their greatest success: In the shadow of government favors and types of bribes, and by the limited number of voters (less than 200 thousand people), the influence of capitalists [in the House] has been integrated; those who be-long to its class more or less.
Engels then refers to 12 representatives of parliament who are from Paris and have formed the opposition group. They are the representatives of the Louis Thiers.
Engels then pointed out Baron James de Rothschild as the real leader of France's ruling system:
[Earlier] a worker wrote a pamphlet against the head of the system, not against Louis Philippe, but against "Rothschild first King of the Jews". This was a welcome booklet (now reached the twentieth edition) shows the extent to which his aim was true. Rothschild King had two defenses in response to an attack by an unknown man. The public opinion follows this battle with the greatest interest. Nearly thirty pamphlets were published in favor and against it. Hatred of Rothschild and the gods of money is huge.