Palestine in the new century

In 1840 the great colonial powers of Europe that tried to penetrate in the Ottoman Empire which was in decline, raised the issue of the future of Syria which at the time was occupied by Egyptian forces. In August 1840 the Times press published an article entitled "Syria, restoring the Jews" that one part of the article is as follows:
"Propose of the establishment of the Jews in their ancestral homeland backed by five major powers is no more subjective and imaginary issue; but it is a subject politically worthy of attention."
EARL OF SHAFTESBURY is one of the leading English politicians who wrote in a letter dated September 25, 1840 to Palmerston, Secretary of State: "It is imperative to turn Syria into one of Britain Dominions, and if we pay attention to their return which is the Jews' return in the light of new circumstances of Palestine or its colonial context, we will see that this action and plan is the most inexpensive and most secure way to provide requirements of population of the areas."
Lord Palmerston in turn writes a letter of the same date to the British ambassador in Ankara and asks him to convince the Ottoman sultan to agree to set up a Jewish center in Palestine and return of the Jews to there. In 1842, the British Council was inaugurated in Jerusalem. In 1848, the Council issued a statement saying that England is the only supportive country of Russian-Jewish citizens living in Palestine. With all these efforts, Palmerston failed to attract Jews to go to Palestine and create a Jewish state because Jews did not want to abandon their good life and Europe, so the issue remained dormant for some time. Later, at the time of Disraeli, British Prime Minister, this issue raised again between the years 1868 and 1880. In a colonial report called "Campbell Banorman," the England Relationship status as the leader of the colonization of the region and to Palestinian is specified. The report says: the problem which endangers European empires existence in the southern and eastern Mediterranean region is that if the nations of this region continue the progress and awakening and coordinating, the interests of Europeans will be ruined without doubt; therefore, all concerned countries should be stable to continue the policy of partition of the area to keep people away. "
The report recommended that in order to eliminate intellectual and spiritual connection of nations in the region, any scientific active instruments should be used. For example, with establishing a strong, alien human obstacle, the African part should be separated from the Asian side. If this new force be stationed near the Suez Canal, it can protect the interests of the West in the best way. According to the report, the colonial Great Britain pursued land policy of degradation of Arabic land.
Thus, the main essence of the Zionist idea, namely the return to Palestine and the establishment of the Israeli government, in principle was introduced in Europe by the rival colonial powers, and later the Jewish bourgeoisie to achieve its goals accompanied the capitalist Europe and founded the Zionist movement.
Due to the side makings of colonialism we observe the creation of Jewish assembly and communities across Europe which were supported by England. One of the most famous of these associations was "the Lovers of Zion" movement which came into existence for the first time in 1882 in Russia. People of the lovers of Zion were active across Europe, and the main committee was located in Paris. Colonel Goldsmith in the UK suggested the plan of foundation of military authorities to supply security of Jewish colony in Palestine. He also made plans about Palestine to Hebrew. Goldsmith believed that "the Jewish Question will never be solved, except in the case of the establishment of a Jewish state in Palestine." He was the man who led lovers of Zion in England and in the major parts of Western Europe, offered his plan in conjunction with the Jewish state as follows:
1 Believing "national idea" in Israel
2 development of plan for the colonization of Palestine and the implementation of this plan in adjoining lands by Jews through the creation of new colonies
3 development of teaching Hebrew as a living language
4 improvement of moral, intellectual and material status of Israel
5 members of the Jewish community in Palestine obey the laws of Israel land to increase their welfare.
Although lovers of Zion and other Communities that are formed following it provide the main areas of return to Palestine by the Jews, the founder of political Zionism and the Government of Israel is Theodor Herzl.
From a historical standpoint we can know the emergence of political Zionism is simultaneous with the publication of Jewish state's book by Austrians Theodor Herzl in 1896. In this book, they have tried to search in the mysterious elements of conscience in religious Zionism and the nationalist facts. The core of ideas of Herzl - as he expresses- is the opinion that the question of the Jews cannot be justified "neither as a social issue nor as a religious issue". This in fact, is a national issue. A national issue that in order to arrange it we need to offer it as a political issue in international relations... in fact, we are one nation, one united nation."
Jews, on the prospect of political Zionism, are considered in priority to all things of a nation. Herzl brings up the issue of Zionism in a new way. He offers the results as follows:
A. Jews constitute a single nation around the world and in every country where they are residing.
B- They have been tortured in every time and place.
C- They are not capable of similarity with the nations among which they live.
Herzl published the West newspaper in 1887 which became the official organ of the Zionist opinion. In the same year, on his own initiative, the first Zionist Congress was formed in Basel, Switzerland, which decided to create a National Association of Jews in Palestine and found the World Zionist Organization.
The first Zionist Congress determined its aims as follows:
"The aim of Zionism is to create a homeland for the Jewish people in Palestine, the homeland is guaranteed by the Basic Law."
Conference Wings' Declaration (1897)
"The aim of Zionism is establishment of a land for Jewish people in Palestine that provides law of its security. The Congress suggested the following items to achieve this objective:
1. Acceleration in the colonization of Palestine by Jewish agricultural and industrial workers by proper procedure
2. Organizing and collecting all the Jews by particular local and international institutions, in accordance with the laws of each country
3. Strengthen and fertilizing national feelings and consciousness of the Jews
4. Taking the basic steps required to obtain satisfaction of the government (the Ottoman m.) to reach the goal of Zionism. "
Of the wing plan is clear that Zionism is a racist and colonialist movement that its aim is to pull out Jews around the world from their local communities through continuous migrations to create a Jewish national state in Palestine. In other words, Zionism had a deliberate decision to turn Jews oppressed in Western societies first to the immigrants then turn them to Palestinian citizens and finally, turn them to land occupiers of Arabic lands and displacement of Palestinian Arabs. The main strategy of the policy also relied on the support of the colonial countries. All the efforts of Herzl and other Zionists show that the Zionist movement knew him in a colonial ethnic movement and unite with imperialist countries which could not reach his goal without this alliance.
To overall, the Zionist movement's general philosophy is based on the accumulation and invasion, the action to the greatest number of Jewish immigration by any means of coercion and incitement to deceive, and if the occupied land did not have the capacity of immigrants they have to attack adjoining lands and take it as possession by force so that the dream of "land of Israel" or "Greater Israel" be realized.
Zionism's approach in the time of Herzl and Weizmann had special attributes that its most distinguished one is the "having stages". This trait is evident in the step by step policy to Palestine, which is the occupation of it by military force in cooperation with colonialism and struggles for economic domination over the destinies of the country and then attempt to deal with any protests by armed force.
During the British Mandate, England allowed trained and armed Jewish forces be formed; as a result, "the Hashomer" (The Guardian) became a more detailed organization in terms of training and arming, and the Jews started to create unique of "Hagana" (Defense) since 1920; the organization was developed by doing different processes of influx and settlement in collaboration with the UK.
After the Congress Wing, the first dispute took place over the placement of formation of Jewish state because some people did not agree with the Israeli government formation in Palestine based on the facts. Another point is that, according to Ivanof's idea, the thought of establishing a Jewish state was contemplated only as an auxiliary instrument. "Hence, the location of the influence center of was not important for the Jews."
"We are not mandated necessarily to stay in the same place that was once our government ... we just need a piece of land that to own it ... Holy of Holies of us has been preserved since our ancient country was destroyed, we will take it to the place, I mean believing in God and the Bible because they were the ones who turned our country to the holy Land (not Jordan and Jerusalem).
If the great powers agreed to grant independence to Jewish nation in a neutral country, the Community (the World Zionist Organization) will begin negotiations in the country which has to be chosen for this purpose."
Due to this trend, some offered Uganda, and Herzl declares the choice in the sixth Zionist Congress:
"... I am convinced that Congress will accept the offer with gratitude as a representative of the masses of the Jewish people. It is proposed that a Jewish and autonomous colony with Jewish administration and local government headed by a Jewish commissioner be established in East Africa. It is needless to say that all these things shall be under the supervision of a dominating Great Britain."
Apart from Uganda, other parts were also proposed that included: Argentina, Iraq and the Mesopotamia, Cyprus, El Arish (in Sinai), Congo, Mozambique, Libya and Angola.
Chaim Weizmann wrote in relation to this question:
'Areas that have been proposed are whether extremely cold or extremely hot and their development takes years of work and much costs."
In other words, these projects were not economically viable propositions. Finally, the struggle between Zionist leaders ended with the victory of pro-British group led by Weizmann. This event happened after a time when the group, which had long wished for Palestine, found a higher position in British ruling circles. Thus, in the Zionists' Congress of 1905, a majority of the Zionists representatives voted to establish a Jewish state in Palestine according to the British perspective. Since then, the movement also spent his time for political actions led by Wiseman and received some advantages from the Ottoman sultan who ruled over Palestine.
From this date on, the Zionists actively start to establish Israel government in Palestine with direct support from the UK. Britain supporting led to the increase of number of Zionist Jewish community in Palestine, yishuv, through the immigration of Jews to. Thus, in this period, according to the British mandate of Palestine, the Zionists were trying actively to establish the state of Israel in Palestine.