Personal life in Islam

Companionship with the good and avoiding the company wrong doers
Friends play an important role in the formation of religious and moral character of people. There are many people who have been corrupted by companionship with bad friends and then after making mistakes and wrongdoing they say: “Oh, woe to me! I wish I had not taken that one as a friend” Surah Furqan verse 28.
The effect of the partner and companion in shaping and changing the individual's behavior is to the extent that Prophet said: “A man adopts a way of life according to that of his friend.
Qur'an in a general advice warns: “And when you see those who engage in [offensive] discourse concerning Our verses, then turn away from them” Surat Al-An'am [verse 68].
The Holy Prophet also narrating from Jesus says: Be friend with someone that when you see him, he makes you remember God and his words increases your knowledge and his behaviour encourages you to do righteous deeds.
From the viewpoint of the Holy Prophet, companionship with the misguided and unjust and corrupt rich people who just seek worldly, makes the heart dead and avoiding the company of ignorant people is a sign of wisdom. And anyone who believes on the Day of Resurrection, must not make friends with disbelievers and sinners or communicate with atheist and infidel people; since it causes his deviation and it is recommended to avoid communication with evildoers and foolish people because it warns that maybe you’ll be punished by God.
In Islam, it is recommended that man make friends with the good and righteous. Relationships should be based on piety. Each sociability that does not conform to this framework will damage human. Quran says: “Close friends, that Day, will be enemies to each other, except for the righteous” Surat Az-Zukhruf [verse 67].
Corpus (body)
The "right to live" is among the fundamental human rights. Human that is the creature of God, the caliph and his trustee, needs a healthy body for God-centered life and enjoying health comprehensively, forms the basis of his actions in the material and spiritual life. The Holy Prophet interprets this divine blessing as the "hidden and unknown blessings"; because one of the factors of peace in life and worshipping God is having a healthy body and soul; Therefore, reason and tradition have considered maintaining the health and self-preservation is necessary and obligatory and do not consider it good that people damage their body even in hardships and sad moments and they suppose it unlawful.
Moreover, based on the Quran and Hadith, the body and its organs are God's consignment that protecting it is a sign of faith, God says about it: “Or who controls hearing and sight” Surat Yunus [verse 31].
The Holy Prophet says: The hearing, tongue and heart are consignments and there is no faith in someone who doesn’t protect them” In fact, the trust is a divine blessings that man will be asked about it on the Day of Resurrection.
Man has two physical and spiritual dimensions and these two influence each other mutually; therefore, for having a healthy body man must pay attention to a set of factors that observe the both dimensions. These set of factors are called health factors that some of them such as controlling the eating habit, hygiene and cleanliness, relaxing the body and treatment of diseases is related to the human body, and the others such as travel, Tahajjud, silence, avoiding sins include the spiritual dimension of man.
Indicators
1. Cleanliness and hygiene
The Holy Prophet used to consider cleanliness like piety as a general, constant and comprehensive duty and as the Holy Quran said about piety: “So fear Allah as much as you are able” Surat At-Taghabun [verse 16]. He also said about cleanliness: Clean yourself in any way that you can, because God, the Almighty has based Islam on cleanliness and anyone will not enter the Heaven except the one who is clean.
Paying attention to the physical cleanliness is so important that the purity of body and clothes is one of the conditions of the Islamic prayer. Observing cleanliness and hygiene is manifested in different dimensions of man’s life and it can be studied generally in two individual and public dimensions. In the part related to the component of "housing" we'll refer these kinds of cleanliness and in the following parts we'll explain the other issues and other aspects.
References
A) Personal hygiene
1. Washing the body
Among the issues that must be considered in the cleanliness and personal hygiene, is washing hands and face and body that many recommendations has come to us by the Infallibles including:
-Washing the body: the Holy Prophet says: “The right of Allah upon every Muslim is that every seven days he bathes once and washes his head and body''.
-Washing hands before and after meals: Imam Ali A.S. says: “Washing hands before and after meals increases the sustenance''.
- Purification by stone (Washing contamination after defecate): Imam Ali A.S. said: “Purification that is washing with cold water stops the hemorrhoids''.
2. The mouth and teeth hygiene
Another item that has been emphasized in Islam is mouth and teeth hygiene and particularly tooth brushing. The Holy Prophet says in this regard: “Jibril always used to advise me to brushing my teeth, in a way I thought this is an obligatory act''.
In the clear religion of Islam cleanliness is mixed with worship and not only it is regarded a good work, but also it increases the reward of good deeds, to the extent that it can be part of a religious act. The Holy Prophet says: “Tooth brushing is a part of ablution''.
Among the elements that has been recommended regarding the mouth and tooth hygiene is using the toothpick. The Holy Prophet says: “Good for the people who brush their teeth before ablution, it is very bad that man say his prayers and there are particles of food in his mouth''.
3. Clipping nails
Other important points regarding the cleanliness and hygiene of the body is clipping the nails, especially for men. The Holy prophet always used to say to men: “keep part of your nails which is a kind of adornment''.
From the perspective of Islamic tradition, nail cleanliness is very important. Imam Imam Baqir narrating his father Imam Sadiq says: Revelation didn't come for a while to the Prophet. The companions asked the reason. The Prophet said: “And how it comes to me when you don’t clip.

4. Shaving the moustache
Another part of cleanliness and hygiene of the body is related to (beard) and (mustache). In the Islamic culture, shaving the beard is not a good thing and Shiite jurisprudents view is the same as well. In contrast, cutting the moustache is considered as a good action and have been emphasized by the Muslim scholars. Ahlul Bayt has always been keeping the beard and cutting the moustache. Imam Ali says about it: “Cutting the moustache is a sign of hygiene and it is from Sunnah''.
Regarding the manner and the extent of the moustache the Holy Prophet says: “Do not let your moustache grow long so that the Satan finds it as a hiding place and will be hid in it''.
5. Hygiene of the clothes
Cleanliness and neatness of clothes is another example of cleanliness and hygiene in Islam which has been emphasized a lot. Allah says in the Qur'an to the Prophet: “And your clothing purify” Surah al-Mudaththir verse 4. Imam Ali also relying on this verse says: “Make your clothes clean for praying, God the Almighty says: and your clothing purify, so you must clean them''.
Another item related to cleaning, is washing the clothes. Imam Ali says: “Washing the clothes takes away distress, and it is a part of the purification ritual before meditation.
B) Public cleanliness and hygiene
Including cases that is related to public sanitation and hygiene is concerned, defecate (urine and stool) that Islam has considered it forbidden in public places. Imam Sajjad says: “They avoid the riversides, roads, windows, under the fruitful trees and places of damnation, and they said to him: Where are these places? And he said the doors of houses.
The waters are also among the public places, the flowing or stagnant water. It is narrated that urination in running water causes (frequent urination), and in stagnant water it causes obstruction of urine.
Among other things than doing it in public places is prohibited in Islam, is spitting and dropping the nose and mouth mucus. The narrator says: “I didn’t see him spitting…''.
Imam Sadiq says: “A person who spits out in the mosque and then repeat it in his throat, he can be affected by any disease which he is faced with it''.
Among other matters relating to cleanliness and public health is that people do not enter the meetings with bad breath. Imam Ali says: "Whoever eat something from the things which has bad smell should not approach the mosque''.
Also sneezing that most of the people are affected by it in public places, its healthy issues must be observed. The Holy Prophet says: “If any of you sneezes put his hands on his face and lower his voice''.
Taking the garbage outside the home and washing the dishes and hiding them from other things are among other issues related to cleanliness and hygiene which will be discussed in the section about the component of “housing''.
2. Adornment and neatness
As cleanliness has been the request of God and is compatible to man’s nature, beauty and neatness is also His request and man’s nature is required to seek beauty and neatness and hate disorderliness and dirtiness. Based on this, the sacred religion of Islam in line with this divine nature, orders his followers to always keep the manifestations of ugliness, dirtiness, bad and hateful smells away and make themselves neat when they meet each other and appear neat and beautiful in front of them.
Quran in verse 31 of Surah Al-Araf invites humans to neatness and making themselves beautiful when they go to the mosques and says: “O children of Adam, take your adornment at every masjid''.
Then in the next verse, it expresses a more general command and considers the opinion of those who incorrectly say the neatness and adorning oneself is in contrast with religion and divine teachings as a rejected opinion:
“Say, "Who has forbidden the adornment of Allah which He has produced for His servants and the good [lawful] things of provision?" Say, "They are for those who believe” Surat Al-A'raf [verse 32].
The supreme Islamic rulers have also recommended their followers with valuable advice regarding this topic, Imam Ali said: “You should be in your best outfits when you meet your friends, in a similar way when you meet the strangers you would like to be in the best style in front of them''.
Therefore adornment and neatness is emphasized in religious teachings according to the human matters and it is worthy that a revolutionary believer pays attention to it by maintaining them. Adornment and neatness can be studied from several viewpoints: 1. trimming the hair 2. Fragrance and makeup, 3. Neatness of clothes and using ring.
A) Trimming the hair
Trimming the hair and cutting it is not equal to disorderliness and the extra-long face and head hair. On the characteristics of the Holy Prophet it has been mentioned that he liked neatness and being clean and disliked disorderliness. Our leaders have recommended us regarding the neatness of the hair of the head and face that we’ll discuss them in the following parts.
The hair of the head
Having good and beautiful hair is a divine blessing that we must be diligent in maintaining it. The Holy Prophet says: “The beautiful hair is of the blessings of God for humans so make them neat''.